The ribs are flat bones, divided into the rib body and the anterior and posterior ends of the ribs, the posterior end of which is enlarged and called the rib head and has an articular surface associated with the rib recesses of the thoracic vertebrae. The lateral side is slightly thinner called the rib neck, and the lateral thick bulge of the neck is called the rib node, with an articular surface associated with the corresponding thoracic vertebral transverse process rib concavity. The rib body is long and flat, divided into internal and external sides, and upper and lower sides. The rib body is prone to fracture during trauma and causes significant displacement. In severe cases, the broken end of the rib fracture can also puncture the pleura as well as the lung tissue, resulting in open chest injury. Patients may experience severe respiratory distress, even causing life-threatening hemorrhagic shock. The ribs protect important organs such as the heart and lungs and form the complete thorax, so care should be taken to protect them from trauma.