The diagnostic criteria for lumbar disc herniation (this is a very basic question, but the diagnosis has been very badly abused): McCulloch [1] proposed in 1980: ① leg pain greater than lumbar pain, mainly confined to the sciatic or femoral innervation zone; ② abnormal sensation in the dermatomes; ③ positive straight leg raise test with an angle less than 50% of normal, or straight leg raise test on the healthy side (iv) two of the four items, including muscle atrophy, weakness, hypoesthesia and weakened tendon reflexes; (v) imaging features consistent with the clinical presentation. In addition, there is a correlation between the onset of lumbar disc herniation and sedentary lifestyle, prolonged driving, chronic cough, pregnancy, smoking, and heavy physical work. McCulloch JA. Chemonucleolysis: experience with 2000 cases. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1980, (146):128-135.