ALK-positive mesenchymal large-cell lymphoma is a highly aggressive type of lymphoma that progresses rapidly, and patients may exhibit a series of symptoms such as enlarged lymph nodes, fever, and enlarged liver and spleen. There is no specific chemotherapy regimen that is effective for ALK-positive mesenchymal large cell lymphoma. The commonly used chemotherapy regimen is the CHOP regimen, which can be coupled with other chemotherapy drugs, and clinical studies have found that the chemotherapy regimen must include anthracycline chemotherapy drugs so that the patient’s chemotherapy effect can be better. At the same time, patients with ALK-positive mesenchymal large cell lymphoma with poor prognosis can also be treated with early hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.