Thyroid puncture may be used in patients with thyroid nodules who cannot be definitively diagnosed with ultrasound. However, the puncture process may accidentally injure blood vessels or damage the surrounding tissues, resulting in swelling of the neck. The blood vessels around the thyroid gland are abundant, so if the blood vessels are mistakenly injured during puncture, and there is no timely pressure to stop the bleeding or insufficient time for pressure to be applied, subcutaneous bleeding may be caused, resulting in neck swelling. There is also a possibility that the nodule is small and damages the tissues around the thyroid gland during puncture, causing localized edema and oozing, resulting in neck swelling. Neck swelling, accompanied by dyspnea, hoarseness and other manifestations, should promptly seek medical attention, under the guidance of the doctor to clarify the cause, and timely targeted treatment or therapy.