Clinical cure is possible for patients with stage 1 kidney cancer, and the 5-year survival rate of stage I patients is about 70% or more. Renal cancer mainly refers to primary renal cancer, of which the vast majority is renal clear cell carcinoma. Early stage renal cancer mostly refers to confined renal cancer, i.e. T1-T2N0M0 stage renal cancer in TNM staging (Stage I-II). At this time, renal tumors are usually confined to the kidneys without metastasis, and a better prognosis can be obtained after treatment. However, it is more difficult for stage I kidney cancer patients to be detected early as most of them have no symptoms, and more than half of them may be discovered by chance during health checkups or when they are undergoing treatment for other diseases. Once patients develop clinical symptoms such as blood in urine and back pain, it often indicates that kidney cancer has developed to middle or late stage. For limited kidney cancer, it is usually treated by surgical resection. Some studies claim that the 5-year survival rate after surgery can generally reach more than 70%; however, if the tumor progresses, its prognosis is poorer. In case of locally progressive renal cancer, the comprehensive treatment plan of surgery combined with targeted therapy/immunotherapy is mostly adopted, while the 5-year survival rate is about 50% after active treatment. Kidney cancer prognosis is related to pathological type, tumor stage, grading, distant and lymphatic metastasis, etc. It is also related to patients’ physical condition, so it is recommended to maintain good living habits, moderate exercise, reasonable diet, and keep a positive mindset. In conclusion, the prognosis of patients with stage I kidney cancer is better, but there are many factors affecting the survival period after kidney cancer surgery, so it is recommended to go to regular hospitals to evaluate the condition and follow the doctor’s instructions to avoid delaying the condition.