Trisomy 18 in children is associated with the mother’s advanced age at pregnancy and has little genetic relationship. It generally affects more girls than boys, and is a chromosomal mutation in which the 18th autosomal pair becomes three. It has special facial features (protruding occipital region, wide spacing between eyes, small jaw, congenital cleft lip and palate in some cases, accompanied by mental retardation, motor retardation, congenital heart disease, etc.), feeding difficulties and other manifestations. Family care needs to pay attention to the prevention of infection in the child to avoid serious consequences.