High interleukin-1β (IL-1β) represents a possible disease state of the body, such as rheumatoid arthritis, neuropathic pain, inflammatory bowel disease, osteoarthritis, vascular disease, multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease.
1. IL-1β is one of the most important mediators of inflammation and host response to infection. Increased IL-1β production can be found in patients with viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections.
Elevated levels of IL-1β have also been associated with atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and various autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and Crohn’s disease. Neurodegenerative diseases accompanied by inflammatory processes, such as Alzheimer’s disease or Parkinson’s disease, are also characterized by increased IL-1β production.
2. IL-1β is also involved in tumor development. Overexpression of IL-1β may lead to tumorigenesis and promote tumor invasion. There is evidence that IL-1β expression is upregulated in many solid tumors, including melanoma, colon, lung, breast and head and neck cancers, making it an excellent tumor biomarker and immunomodulator in cancer therapy.
If IL-1β is high, medical attention is needed to clarify the cause.