When urine sediment examination is performed, elevated bacterial count may exist in urinary tract infection or contamination of urine, which needs to be further identified with the patient’s symptoms.1. When urinary tract infection occurs, elevated bacterial count can occur, along with elevated white blood cell count in urine, and patients will have urinary tract irritation symptoms such as urinary frequency, urinary urgency, painful urination or accompanied by fever, abdominal pain, lumbago, etc. These are typical symptoms of urinary tract infection. These are the typical symptoms of urinary tract infection and require urine culture examination or direct empirical antibiotic anti-infection treatment, which is most common. 2. The urine specimen is contaminated, such as the retention of urine for too long a period of time leading to bacterial growth, or the occurrence of urine spoilage, etc. leading to an increase in the bacterial count, and the contamination of the utensil in which the urine is retained leading to a significant increase in the bacterial count. Patients do not have urinary tract symptoms, but only abnormal urinalysis, and need to be re-examined. In the process of re-examining urine, try to take clean middle urine for examination to avoid urine contamination, and send the urine specimen for examination within a short period of time as possible to avoid spoilage, deterioration or bacterial contamination due to prolonged storage.