Health Lecture I. Most people’s understanding of the feet feet are dirty and smelly, feet in the lower most part of the human body, relative to the head is ignored, is blind to the problems can be put up with, can be tolerated again and again, can be put up with for a lifetime, a lot of people teenage foot problems, but lifelong sufferers of foot pain. On the other hand, some people think that the foot beautifies their function more than its actual role, so find ways to beautify their feet, the old society of China appeared girls foot binding – Chinese foot, is the world’s original, so that the woman’s feet from childhood into a disability, the pain of a lifetime, last week, I also received a wheelchair grandma, 94 years old, the health condition is good, small feet, the pain under the feet unbearable; of course, nowadays progress Now, of course, progress, into the age of civilization, tangled feet have been scoffed at, beautiful high-heeled shoes how good-looking, how high the heel to be high, shoes to be more skinny and skinny, youthful dynamic fashion, the majority of female compatriots tend to be like herons, and even men’s shoes are close to it, but high-heeled shoes are also the foot of the health killers. Today’s social aesthetics again at the expense of the foot. Second, the function of the foot 1, walking walking and talking, everyone will, simple and easy to learn, effortless, in fact, the road is not good. Ordinary people have to walk about 8,000-10,000 steps a day, think about it, that is, blinking 10,000 times, what will be the feeling? Of course, blinking is the most energy-saving exercise, but do you know how much effort your feet use with each step? In the process of moving forward the foot to bear the weight of 2-3 times the force, even if the slim adult, weighing 50 kilograms, that’s more than 100 kilograms, that’s dozens of tons a day down, incredible! What about a month, a year, decades? Every step is not easy, and a lifetime is even less easy. 2, buffer shock foot buffer shock function is easy to be ignored, not easy to understand the important function. We all know that the foot has a foot center, medically known as the arch, so what does the foot center do? The arch of the foot is unique to bipedal animals, cows, sheep, horses do not have arches, because they are quadrupedal animals, crawling, four legs loaded, the joints do not have to be completely straight, you can flex a little bit of the load on each leg is much less, so the joints disease foot bipedal animals much less because crawling, the spine is parallel to the ground, very little by the longitudinal force, so less lumbar spondylosis, cervical spondylosis, less herniated discs. To make them get lumbar spondylosis is very simple, remove the function of the forelimbs, only the back, let it become “2-legged animals”, animal experimental model is done. And people stand up, freeing the hands, but the feet continue to bear the sole function of transporting the body, and because of the upright, the spine erected, people have to walk, run, jump, these actions will produce a huge number of times the body weight of the impact, if we do not find ways to cushion this force, it is estimated that our body in the early teens will be collapsed, the organs, including the brain, spinal cord, thoracic and abdominal organs will be shaking loose, not to mention the joints that will bear the brunt of the problem, but not to mention that the body will be destroyed, and the body will be destroyed. Not to mention the joints that take the brunt of the force, but in fact it’s not that bad because the feet, which are in contact with the ground in the first place, are charging in, and how do the feet accomplish this? That’s done by the strong ligaments and muscles of the foot, maintained by the arch, which cushions most of the force. But when the arch of the foot after decades of labor finally slowly fatigue, flaccid, arch change, then it is this cushioning function declined, the joints do not get cushioning, the articular cartilage will have to withstand more compression, the articular cartilage ultimately lost elasticity, the joints into a direct friction between the bone and the bone, so there is a leg pain, lumbar pain, cervical pain. 3, the support function of the foot is like the foundation of the human body building, the foundation tilted, the beams are bound to tilt, the structure of the ankle changes, that the knees, hips, lumbar spine, cervical spine to produce a series of adjustments, do not tolerate how to stand up ah, the joints are not normal force, the joints will inevitably produce excessive wear and tear of the joints of the abnormal over time, coupled with a decline in buffer function, leading ultimately to arthritis and osteoarthropathy. But quite a lot of doctors in the “headache, foot pain,” and should be changed to “knee pain, back pain,” daily orthopedic clinic to knee pain, back pain, cervical pain as the main disease, injections, medication, surgery, sick certainly need to take medication, pain, use painkillers. Pain, with painkillers, which is called symptomatic medicine, and painkillers for the middle-aged and elderly is a side effect, (everyone who has eaten painkillers?). (Have you ever taken painkillers? What kind of discomfort do you feel after taking painkillers? Has anyone gone to the internal medicine department because of the discomfort?) The common side effect of painkillers is gastrointestinal reaction, after taking painkillers 30-40% will have stomach discomfort, of which 50% gastroscopy with mucosal damage, while most people can be asymptomatic, and even bleeding ulcers only to be found, the United States every year due to painkillers induced gastrointestinal problems and the deaths of up to 16,500 people. Injection and medication problems have not been solved, then change a piece, joint replacement, can completely correct the joints of local problems, short-term effect is very ideal, the majority of medical workers strongly advocate, but if the foot has a problem, the foundation of the building has a problem, and only to correct the beams can only be a short-term solution to solve the problem, the long-term efficacy of how? Third, the common foot disease about 30-40% of the normal population have foot disease, there are statistics as high as 70-80%, from the toes to the ankles have dozens of diseases, some of them are local problems, some of them are local manifestations of systemic diseases. Common foot diseases are: 1, toe disorders: such as bunions, hammer toes, nails, etc.; 2, foot: metatarsalgia, neuroma, callus; 3, instep: joint instability, hyperplasia, ligament tendon injuries; 4, hindfoot: achalasia, tendonitis, nerve entrapment, bursitis; 5, ankle: synovitis, synovial kanton, osteoarthropathy, joint instability, bone fracture, sprains; 6, calf problems: contracture of gastrocnemius muscle, shin Anterior pain, tendonitis. The basic pathogenesis of Achilles tendon is too tight. The heel of quadrupedal animals does not touch the ground, while the heel of human beings should touch the ground after standing upright, from the point of evolution, the Achilles tendon of human beings has not yet evolved perfectly, and quite a lot of people’s Achilles tendon is too tight, which leads to the increase of plantar pulling force – plantar fascial injury – heel pain – metatarsalgia and so on. The over-activity of the first metatarsal cuneiform joint can lead to the first series of problems, commonly known as bunions; 3. Principle of the plantar coiler The ligaments of the plantar plate connect the heel bone with the five metatarsal heads, which together form the arch of the foot, making the plantar plate form a whole and affecting the whole foot by pulling a toe. 4. Posture and gait With age, obesity, degeneration of the joints, aging of the muscles and ligaments, neurological problems, slow reaction time, etc., will result in a change of walking posture and an abnormality of the gait, and the foot will have to adapt to the changes. The abnormalities of walking posture and gait, and then the foot to adapt to the new requirements, have to carry out unreasonable compensation, and ultimately produce a variety of problems in the foot. V. Shoes 1, the understanding of shoes we often say to so-and-so to wear small shoes, that means punishment, that shoes do not become a torture device? Now there are a large number of various kinds of shoes on the market, but I tell you that there is no pair of shoes that fully meets your feet, and no matter how expensive or cheap they are, they are damaging your feet. In individual parts of Africa, which are still barefoot and live barefoot on the land, there are far fewer foot ailments than in civilized cities. Barefoot walking, feet, ankle muscles, ligaments get good exercise, especially in the soft land, this point with our feet are now installed in a variety of shoes, ankle muscles, ligaments are restricted, and then walk on the hard and inelastic flat road, the function of the foot is further restricted, while the foot cushioning is used to the limit. 2, how to choose shoes then what do we do? Walk barefoot? At home and abroad, there are barefoot walkers, but that’s only a small number of people, after all, most people do not wear shoes have been unable to walk, it said almost no pair of feet is in line with your feet, but also to wear shoes, how to do? First of all, you have to understand your own feet, there are three types of feet A: externally rotated feet flat feet B: internally rotated feet high arched feet C: natural feet. (Detailed explanation) The structure of shoes: there are three functional layers in the sole, the bottom one is the non-slip and durable layer, the inner one is the soft and comfortable lining layer, and the middle one is the cushioning layer, the layer with the highest technological content, which is crucial. Good shoes are expensive here, with a wide variety of materials, craftsmanship and technology, and there is a lot to be said about the shape of the sole, which has a moderate height, and the heel has to be stable enough, and it can even be enlarged, and the arch of the foot has to be supported enough, and the curvature part is in the forefoot, which has to have enough support. The curved part is in the forefoot, which should have a certain curvature for easy propulsion. The inside of the shoe should be of different shapes according to the type of foot, for example, if you have a pronated foot, you should choose a shoe with arch support to prevent excessive pronation, the front of the shoe should be spacious enough to avoid pointy shoes, and the heel of the shoe should have enough hardness to support the protection and limit the rear foot activity. A few suggestions for selecting shoes: the right size, the best afternoon shoes, first look at the soles and then look at the style, price, etc., special cases can be used with special shoes, such as diabetic shoes six, foot and ankle disease prevention and treatment of the old first old legs, legs and feet, old, blurred vision, into the middle-aged period, blurred vision with a presbyopia, after two years of the degree of depth of the deep, and then with a degree of deep, it is good to understand, a good solution. What about the feet? You can’t give your feet glasses, can you? Can, completely can, except that this pair of glasses is not glass or plastic, is a variety of mixed materials, that is, custom insoles, and customized glasses, the same as the need to collect the specific data of each foot, similar to the optometry, the factory in accordance with the different data ratio materials, through the negative mold, Yang film out of the samples, and then repair the shape, try on, adjustments, is not simpler than with glasses. Of course, there are also simple, pre-made universal type, the effect is a little worse. Scientific walking with the feet: pay attention to the walking posture, the outside of the heel – the foot —- big toe, bouncing, as high as possible. Foot and ankle muscle exercise: extrinsic muscle Achilles tendon, intrinsic muscle exercise surgery;