Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures often lead to pain and limitation of movement, especially with the increase of the elderly population, the incidence of which is gradually increasing. Traditional conservative treatment or surgery is not effective. In recent years, the minimally invasive treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture by percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous balloon dilatation vertebral kyphoplasty (PKP), in which cement is injected into the vertebral body by percutaneous puncture, or the compressed vertebral body is firstly supported by balloon, and then injected into the vertebral body for reinforcement of the cement, can achieve the purpose of stabilizing the fracture, restoring the strength of vertebral body mechanics, and relieving the pain. Objective: To investigate the early clinical effect of PKP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. Methods: In 8 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, 10 fractured vertebrae and about 16 adjacent vertebrae were percutaneously injected with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) through the perpendicular pedicle under the G-arm. Results: On average, 5.5 mL of cement was injected into each diseased vertebra in 8 patients. X-ray examination showed that the bone cement was well filled, the fracture was satisfactorily repositioned, and the height of the anterior margin of the vertebral body was significantly increased and the angle of the Cobb angle was significantly reduced after the operation. The neighboring vertebrae were routinely injected with 2 ml of bone cement to prevent the rigidity of the diseased vertebrae from causing the fracture of the neighboring vertebrae in the future, and there was no obvious leakage of bone cement or compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots. There was no obvious cement leakage or spinal cord or nerve root compression. The pain was significantly reduced or disappeared 6 hours to 3 days after the operation, and there were no complications during or after the operation. The five patients were followed up for 1 to 8 months, and the pain at the treatment site did not significantly worsen, the morphology of the vertebral body did not change, and there was no fracture of the neighboring vertebral body. Conclusion: Vertebral kyphoplasty is a safe and effective minimally invasive technique for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, which can rapidly relieve pain and increase the strength of the vertebrae and the stability of the spine.