Erectile dysfunction, abbreviated as ED, refers to the persistent inability of the penis to achieve and maintain sufficient erectile hardness to complete sexual intercourse normally. The term “persistent” here is usually more than 6 months. Obviously, occasional poor erectile function cannot be called penile erectile dysfunction. The prevalence of ED is higher in specific populations. It is 39% in patients with heart disease and 15% in patients with high blood pressure. In patients with diabetes it is 23%-75%, mostly around 50%. Chronic renal insufficiency is 40% or more, more in dialysis patients is 50%-75%, and erectile function is improved in 3/4 of patients after kidney transplantation. Alzheimer’s disease was 53%, multiple sclerosis was 71% and stroke was 86%. Untreated ulcer disease is 18%, arthritis 15%, allergies 12%, alcoholic cirrhosis 50%-70%, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 30%, some trauma and surgery can cause ED. There are 50%-90% of depressed patients with reduced interest in sexual activity. On the other hand, sexual dysfunction also often causes depression and anxiety. The prevalence of complete ED in those using hypoglycemic drugs, antihypertensive drugs, cardiac drugs and vasodilators is 26%, 14%, 28% and 36%, respectively. Many drugs can cause ED, such as diuretics, antihypertensive drugs, cardiac drugs, sedatives, antidepressants, etc.. Bad lifestyles such as smoking, alcohol and drugs can cause ED: ED can be classified according to the cause of occurrence: organic ED, functional ED, mixed ED. Organic penile erectile dysfunction is an organic problem in the organs involved in penile erection, such as damage to the nerves and blood vessels involved in penile erection, and problems with sex hormones such as testosterone, estradiol and prolactin in the blood. Many diseases can cause organic impotence, such as congenital diseases of the reproductive system, trauma to the penis and testicles, diabetes mellitus, neurological diseases, cirrhosis of the liver, etc. Functional penile erectile dysfunction is when there is no problem with the organ involved in penile erection organically, but only with the erectile function. In such patients, do the examination, neurological, vascular and endocrine, and the results are normal. Most of them are due to psychological diseases, or fatigue and other factors. Mixed penile erectile dysfunction is when there is an organic problem with the organs involved in penile erection and, at the same time, there is a psychological problem. According to statistics, 80% of patients with organic penile erectile dysfunction have psychological problems at the same time. Therefore, in the clinic, it is often found that some patients, the organic cause removed, such as patients with hyperprolactinemia, lactogen is back to normal, but there is still erectile dysfunction, that is, not yet cured, which is the presence of psychological factors, need to treat and regulate themselves. For example, it is like a new computer, the hardware is fine, only the software has problems, this is a functional problem; if it is broken and needs to be replaced, this is an organic problem. According to the ability to have sexual intercourse in the past, ED can be divided into: primary ED, secondary ED, situational ED. Primary ED, often because of congenital diseases, such as genital malformations, etc., from childhood, the penis erection is not normal; secondary ED, that is, the original penis erection is normal, there are many people who have had a normal sex life, and then erectile dysfunction; situational ED, is at this time, this place and this female sexual life, This place and this woman sex life is normal, the other time and place and the woman sex life, the penis erection problems. According to the degree of the disease can be divided into complete ED, incomplete ED. Complete ED, the penis can not be erected at all during sex; incomplete ED, is erect, but not enough to complete, or erection although adequate, but then atrophy, is unable to continue sexual life. What are the causes of penile erectile dysfunction? A, psychological erectile dysfunction bad sexual experience: parents’ sexual concept, reading books related to sex, sexual injury events can constitute a variety of sexual experience. Early sexual experience plays a very important role for the individual, children in the process of growing up by the family’s attitude towards sex and interpersonal relationships, especially family relations interference, may have a negative impact on later sexual activity. Traumatic sexual experiences such as guilt over a history of masturbation, humiliation following ridicule of early sexual behavior, and sexual injury lead to penile erectile dysfunction. The influence of inhibitory factors: Under work, social, and family stress, many people experience physical and emotional symptoms and ED. susceptibility to stress and individual differences determine the severity of their symptoms. Anxiety and depression are the main factors of psychological sexual dysfunction, fear of disease, pregnancy, intimacy, ejaculation and misogyny or ordinary women, sexual guilt formed by education at an early age are common causes of depression, which can lead to ED; anxiety and depression are more likely to promote erectile failure when both exist. Emotional disharmony between spouses: disharmony between spouses, non-communication, infidelity, or even mutual disgust, inevitably lead to an abnormal sex life. 47% of men and 68% of their spouses believe that the cause of sexual disorders is emotional disharmony. Inappropriate or inadequate sexual stimulation: men in the process of sexual intercourse can not get appropriate and adequate sexual stimulation, it will not produce enough sexual excitement to make the penis erect. Psychological response to organic erectile dysfunction: organic erectile dysfunction due to trauma, disease, drugs, aging can cause secondary psychological abnormalities II. Endocrine erectile dysfunction: Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome, bilateral anorgasmia, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, pituitary microadenoma, etc. Neurological erectile dysfunction: spina bifida, herniated disc, tumor, spinal consumption, multiple sclerosis, cerebrovascular accident, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, progeria, etc. Vascular erectile dysfunction: atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, vascular injury, cancer, hypertension, trauma and surgical damage to blood vessels, venous leakage, etc. Having ED is not terrible, there are also more treatment means and treatment methods. You can choose psychotherapy, such as sexual concentration training. There are options for medication, 5-phosphodiesterase (PDE5) inhibitors: sildenafil citrate (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), vardenafil hydrochloride (Elidel). Hormone replacement therapy: testosterone, HCG, etc. Optional surgical treatment, such as prosthetic implantation, penile revascularization, penile vein surgery, etc.