Cholelithiasis patients will never forget the excruciating pain of biliary colic attacks. After cholecystectomy, they finally breathe a sigh of relief, thinking that they are no longer related to stones in this life, and that they are free from the ordeal of pain and can have a good meal. In fact, it is not, like Mr. Fang is a typical example. Three years ago, 48-year-old Mr. Fang, due to fatigue and overeating, suddenly appeared in the right upper abdomen pain discomfort, in the local hospital was diagnosed as gallbladder stones. He was then hospitalized and underwent cholecystectomy, which went well and he recovered well. In the first year after the operation, Mr. Fang lived a fairly regular life and did exactly what the doctor told him to do. However, as time went by, Mr. Fang thought that his gallstone disease had been completely cured and his gallbladder had been removed, so there was no place for the stones to hide and he would not have any more stones. So, he was not strict with himself, he did not pay attention to the combination of work and rest, he did not avoid eating and drinking, and he did not follow the doctor’s instructions for review. This time, during the Spring Festival, he once again had abdominal pain after drinking alcohol, and went to the hospital for examination, and was diagnosed with common bile duct stones, and received a second operation. Mr. Fang’s second surgery was due to “regrowth stones” or “recurrent stones”. Although the first surgery removed all the stones and removed the gallbladder, the stones may grow again in the bile duct after a few years (usually about 2 years). This is because the patient still exists some “stone recurrence conditions”, such as frequent postoperative bile duct infections, or bile duct stenosis left after the previous surgery, as well as hyperlipidemia, bilirubin metabolism disorders, etc., which will prompt the bile duct stone “resurgence”. Thus, after gallbladder removal, not everything is fine. After cholecystectomy, in addition to the regrowth of stones, there will be a variety of discomfort or complications. Common post-cholecystectomy discomforts or complications include: 1. Post-operative abdominal pain: within six months after cholecystectomy, patients will feel discomfort or mild pain in the upper middle or right upper abdomen, which are mostly caused by post-operative trauma. With the passage of time, the above symptoms will slowly disappear. Another common cause of abdominal pain is the reflux of bile into the stomach and irritation of the gastric mucosa, resulting in persistent distension or even cramping pain, sometimes with vomiting of bile, which is usually diagnosed by gastroscopy. In addition, the sphincter of hepato-pancreatic pot-bellied muscle (sphincter of Oddi), which is the “gate” of the bile duct opening to the duodenum, can also be spasmodic or flaccid after the operation, causing abdominal pain, but the pain is short-lived. If the epigastric pain is not relieved in a short period of time, you should go to the hospital for further consultation. Abdominal pain after six months after surgery is most common with bile duct stones. Although the gallbladder has been cut off, the existing stones in the bile ducts may be left undetected during the operation, or new stones may form in the bile ducts, or the intrahepatic bile duct stones may have moved downward. At this point, the patient often complains of “recurrence of the old disease”. This abdominal pain is often severe, cramping colic, and radiates to the back and shoulders. When these symptoms occur, you should immediately go to the hospital for further examination, but also temporary oral antispasmodic drugs to relieve the symptoms. If accompanied by sudden high fever, right upper abdominal pressure and pain, elevated blood leukocytes, should be suspected of biliary tract bacterial infection, should go to the hospital in time to seek medical attention. Post-operative fever: half a month after the operation, generally should not appear fever, if fever, blood test leukocyte increase, suggesting that the surgical site or nearby may appear new inflammation, then you should go to the hospital as soon as possible to seek medical treatment. 3, postoperative diarrhea: some patients with unexplained postoperative diarrhea, its possible factors are: (1) due to the gallbladder has been removed, the unconcentrated bile can stimulate intestinal peristalsis. (2) Surgery causes intestinal dysfunction. (3) Incomplete digestion and absorption of fat. All these factors can lead to diarrhea, loose stools, diarrhea more than 3 times a day. This situation, the patient does not have to be afraid, you can reduce the fat content of food, do not eat fried (deep-fried) food, while reducing the number of foods containing more fiber, such as leeks, celery, cereals, etc., if necessary, you can also choose to take some drugs. In general, after several months, due to part of the bile ducts compensate for the gallbladder storage, bile concentration function, diarrhea will disappear on its own. 4, postoperative jaundice: the bile duct system can be blocked for various reasons, part or all of the bile can not flow into the duodenum and reflux into the blood causing jaundice. At this time, the family members often first found that the patient’s sclera (commonly known as white eyeballs) is yellow, and the patient himself can also notice that the urine color is as dark as strong tea, or the stool is as gray as clay, and the skin is yellow and itchy, etc. The early postoperative jaundice may be due to the fact that the bile is not flowing into the duodenum. Jaundice in the early postoperative period may be caused by bile duct bleeding or surgical trauma, but the cause of jaundice in the distant postoperative period is more complicated, generally with bile duct stenosis, stone remnants or recurrence accounted for most of the time, and it may also be caused by tumors of the hepatobiliary system that could not be detected before the operation. Once jaundice occurs, one should go to the hospital for further examination. In conclusion, the treatment of cholelithiasis can never be solved by one cut, and the combination of prevention and treatment must be continued after surgery. After the operation, you need to keep close contact with your doctor and have regular checkups. If problems are found, timely measures will be taken.