Generally speaking, there are several reasons for the formation of ascites in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: 1. Hypoproteinemia is caused by the decreased ability of the liver to synthesize albumin. The administration of albumin supplementation combined with diuretic drugs can have certain effect. Some patients can be relieved from portal hypertension by TIPS technology (portal shunt), and some patients can receive portal vein stent implantation or portal vein cancer thrombosis ablation to partially relieve portal hypertension. 3.Inferior vena cava syndrome caused by tumor, that is, the tumor compresses the inferior vena cava, resulting in poor blood return, thus causing ascites or swelling of lower limbs. It needs to be confirmed by enhanced CT or MRI or angiography, and some patients can be relieved by inferior vena cava stent implantation. 4. Combined cardiac insufficiency, especially in elderly patients with coronary artery disease, should first improve the cardiac function status. Therefore, the treatment plan is different for different causes of ascites formation. Of course, some patients have two or more of the above conditions co-existing, and the treatment will be more difficult.