Olracetam and piracetam each have their own characteristics, with some studies suggesting that olracetam is more clinically effective. Both Olracetam and Piracetam belong to 2-pyrrolidone derivatives. Olracetam mainly acts on the cerebral cortex, with the characteristics of selective activation, protection and promotion of the functional recovery of damaged nerve cells. Piracetam can promote the generation of ATP in the brain and nerves, can promote the synthesis of acetylcholine and enhance the conduction of nerve excitation, promote the metabolic effect of the brain and nerves, and have a reparative and protective effect on the damage of nerves. The results of the study “Comparison of clinical efficacy and safety between oliracetam and piracetam in the treatment of stroke with cognitive impairment” suggest that the clinical efficacy of oliracetam is better than that of piracetam, and the safety of both oliracetam and piracetam is better, which is worthy of promotion. However, the results of this study need to be confirmed by further studies with expanded quantitative quantities. If there is a need to use the above drugs, it is recommended to take under the guidance of a doctor, do not take on their own, so as not to delay the condition.