Adenoids, also called pharyngeal tonsils, are lymphatic tissues located at the junction of the nasopharyngeal roof and posterior wall. They generally grow to their maximum size at the age of 6-7 and gradually shrink after the age of 10, so some of them will gradually return to normal. Usually, adenoids surgery is not necessary if a 10-year-old child does not have abnormalities such as nocturnal dyspnea, open-mouth breathing, or breath-holding. If a child is unable to breathe normally at night, such as breathlessness or breath-holding, further treatment is needed and the decision to have adenoids surgery depends on the specific symptoms. When symptoms appear, it means that the adenoids are not shrinking properly, which may lead to sinusitis, otitis media and other diseases, and the child may experience nasal congestion, runny nose, snoring, tinnitus, hearing loss and other symptoms. At this time, the child needs to receive treatment, which is generally based on medication in the first place. Commonly used medications include montelukast sodium, etc. The nasal cavity can also be rinsed with water or saline, etc. If conservative treatment is ineffective, surgery is recommended. It is generally believed that 4-10 years old is the suitable age for surgery.