Adenoids, also known as pharyngeal tonsils and proliferators, are hidden in the posterior end of the nasal cavity, located at the junction of the nasopharyngeal roof and posterior wall, between the two sides of the pharyngeal crypt, and are the lymphatic tissue at the top of the nasopharynx. Adenoid hypertrophy in children is often physiological. Lymphatic tissue is present in the nasopharynx at birth and grows with age, gradually degrading after age 6, and generally starting to atrophy after age 10. The adenoids are called adenoid hypertrophy when they become pathologically enlarged due to repeated inflammatory stimulation and affect the general health or adjacent organs. The disease is most often seen in children and is often combined with chronic tonsillitis. Adenoid hypertrophy in children is a relatively common disease, which is commonly caused by inflammatory diseases such as acute and chronic rhinitis, tonsillitis, and influenza, which cause pathological hyperplasia of the adenoids. In children, the nasopharyngeal cavity is small, and if the adenoids block the posterior nostril and the pharyngeal orifice of the eustachian tube, it can cause symptoms in the ears, nose, throat and other places. 1.Ear: obstruction of the pharyngeal orifice of the eustachian tube causes secretory otitis media, resulting in hearing loss and tinnitus. 2.Nose: It is often complicated by rhinitis and sinusitis, with symptoms such as nasal congestion and runny nose. When speaking with an occlusive nasal sound, snoring sound when sleeping, and sleep apnea in severe cases. 3. Pharynx, larynx and lower respiratory tract: secretions flow downward and irritate the respiratory tract mucosa, often causing nocturnal paroxysmal cough and easily complicating bronchitis. 4, adenoid face: Long-term adenoid hypertrophy, the child’s nose flattened, poorly developed nasal wings, widened eye spacing, open-mouth breathing, dull facial expression, showing a special “adenoid face” In addition, long-term adenoid hypertrophy of the child’s general development and poor nutritional status, open-mouth breathing, snoring, breath-holding during sleep, accompanied by night terrors, teeth grinding, urine loss, slow reaction, inattention and other Reflexive symptoms seriously affect the child’s physical and intellectual development. What’s more, long-term respiratory congestion and insufficient pulmonary ventilation will lead to increased pulmonary artery pressure, which can lead to right heart failure in severe cases. Therefore, adenoid hypertrophy should not be taken lightly. It should be detected early and treated early. In addition, when a child has poor hearing or frequent nasal congestion and runny nose, it is important to think that it may not only be a disease of the ears or nose, but also to check whether the adenoids are enlarged, and it is easier to make a clear diagnosis through specialized examination. For children who have been diagnosed with adenoid hypertrophy, there is no need to worry too much. Commonly used drugs include antibiotics, nasal spray hormones (such as colecalciferol, ryanodine, endosulfan, etc.) anti-allergy drugs (such as keratan, etc.), decongestants (ephedrine, daphnein (it is recommended that children use this drug nasal spray to reduce nasal congestion symptoms, there are pediatric daphnein for children under eight years old), etc.) and various types of Chinese medicine (such as nasal abyssal Shu oral liquid, nasal abyssal Tongjiao granules, etc.), generally 10-15 days as a course of treatment. However, if open-mouth breathing, sleep snoring or even adenoidal facies appear, surgery is needed as soon as possible. For children whose conservative treatment is ineffective and who have recurrent rhinosinusitis, early removal of adenoids is also recommended. If accompanied by tonsillar hypertrophy, it can be performed simultaneously with tonsillectomy. If a child with adenoid hypertrophy is found to have hearing loss and conservative treatment is ineffective, tympanotomy and adenoidectomy can be performed at the same time under general anesthesia with good postoperative results. In conclusion, parents should pay special attention to children with colds and other conditions in their daily lives. In particular, children should improve prevention during the period of 2-10 years old, such as trying to avoid children with long-term colds, runny nose, nasal congestion, coughing, rubbing nose, rubbing eyes, sneezing and other symptoms, and if they are also accompanied by poor hearing and obvious snoring, they should go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment. We should not take adenoid hypertrophy lightly, but as long as we do early prevention, early detection and early treatment, there is no need to be afraid.