Hypertension is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world today and is an important risk factor for stroke, coronary heart disease and renal failure. Generally, older people are prone to hypertension, mainly because of the degenerative changes in body organs and the hardening of blood vessel walls, which reduces the elasticity of large blood vessels and leads to a significant increase in systolic blood pressure and decrease in diastolic blood pressure. However, in recent years, the age of onset of hypertension has become significantly younger, especially in young and middle-aged white-collar population is becoming another main force of hypertension. The occurrence of hypertension in young and middle-aged people is mainly related to excessive vasoconstriction due to overexcitation of the nervous system and changes in the function of the endocrine system. The causes of hypertension in young and middle-aged people are: ① Excess nutrition: high energy, high fat food intake, but too little activity; ② Mental factors: work tension and stress is one of the important reasons for hypertension in young white-collar workers, when people are overstressed, the body’s adrenaline, dopamine and insulin secretion is significantly higher than normal, these substances will affect the cardiovascular system, so that the heartbeat accelerates, vascular ③ High salt diet: the increase in salt consumption is bound to cause sodium and water retention, which increases blood volume and causes an increase in cardiac output, resulting in higher blood pressure; ④ Genetic factors: hypertension has an obvious genetic predisposition, with one parent suffering from hypertension, the incidence of hypertension in children is 28%, and if both parents suffer from hypertension, the incidence of hypertension in children is up to 40% or more; ⑤ Secondary hypertension: can Secondary hypertension can be caused by renal diseases, including acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, renal artery stenosis, renal stones, renal tumors, etc. Endocrine diseases include primary aldosteronism, pheochromocytoma, cortisolism, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, etc. Vascular diseases include aortic stenosis, multiple aortitis, etc. Cranio-cerebral lesions that increase intracranial pressure can also cause symptomatic hypertension. The clinical manifestations of young hypertensive patients vary greatly, with some showing typical performance of dizziness, weakness, and flushing; others are asymptomatic, and are usually found only on physical examination. Although mild hypertension in youth may be without any conscious symptoms for quite a long time, it can slowly damage blood vessels, heart, kidneys and brain in the body, and some people also die suddenly without any discomfort due to blood vessel rupture, blockage or heart attack. Studies have shown that young people with hypertension have higher long-term morbidity and mortality rates, shorter life expectancy, and are more dangerous than middle-aged and elderly people. Therefore, hypertension in adolescents and children should never be taken lightly. If there is a family history of hypertension, it may be necessary to develop good habits and even take medication for life; if the hypertension is secondary to other diseases, it must be treated for the original disease; exercise and emotional excitement can cause transient hypertension, and the blood pressure will return to normal after the factors causing the tension disappear. The trend of hypertension becoming younger should attract the attention of the whole society, to prevent it must do: (1) Develop good dietary habits: under the premise of ensuring the normal growth and development of children and adolescents, adjust the dietary structure, so that meat and vegetables match, avoid excess nutrition, limit high-calorie foods, and supplement sufficient potassium and calcium daily can prevent hypertension; (2) Limit salt intake: to limit the amount of salt intake, should be (3) weight loss: weight and blood pressure are directly related, the incidence of hypertension in obese people is more than 3 times higher than normal weight people, prevention and treatment of hypertension first of all to lose weight, must control the amount of food and increase exercise; (4) quit smoking: smoking can damage the endothelial cells of the arterial vessels, produce vasospasm and other mechanisms, resulting in increased blood pressure, so advocate hypertensive patients to quit smoking; (5) quit alcohol. Alcohol can lead to increased sensitivity of blood vessels to a variety of antihypertensive substances, causing blood pressure to rise, so hypertensive patients advocate complete abstinence from alcohol, and people with risk factors for hypertension should abstain from alcohol; (6) eliminate mental tension and stress: for young patients with emotional irritability, high blood pressure in a state of tension or depression, the key to treatment is to reduce mental stress and maintain psychological balance through patient counseling and psychological guidance.