A colostomy (also known as an enterostomy) is a passage in the patient’s abdomen that is opened by a general surgeon depending on the condition. The stoma can be single or double (also called a collaterals fistula), with colostomies being the most common. It consists of a stoma and a stool-holding device (fecal bag). The observation and care of the stoma by doctors and nurses during hospitalization is important, while the care of the stoma by the patient’s family and the patient himself after discharge is especially important to ensure the effective use of the stoma for a long time. Generally speaking, there are several aspects: I. Psychological care. Psychological care. Patients are understandably upset, sad, desperate and worried because they cannot accept the reality of sudden bowel cancer and other diseases and stools on their stomachs. At this time, the affection of family members is crucial. They should give more encouragement and care to patients, and if necessary, they can ask psychologists to give psychological counseling. The patient’s family members should not be afraid of getting dirty and participate more in the observation and care of the enterostomy. Patients themselves should not have low self-esteem, adjust their mindset, and participate in social activities and support groups such as “stoma home”, which can enhance self-confidence and exchange experiences and experiences of stoma care. II. Pay attention to diet. Eat more food with coarse fiber, drink more water, and keep your bowels open. Pay attention to dietary hygiene, do not eat unclean food or too hot, too cold, spicy stimulating food, so as not to cause diarrhea and affect the stoma and its care. III. The correct use of the stool bag. First of all, choose a kind of fecal bag suitable for you (disposable or reusable). It is tightly bonded to the skin and does not leak. Faecal bags should be changed frequently so that the odor does not affect others. Be gentle when replacing the stool bag, gently remove the old bag, wipe the skin around the stoma with a clean gauze, small towel, soft toilet paper, etc. to remove the gum stains and stool, avoid using hard swabs to avoid causing damage to the skin around the stoma. Cut out the new pouch to fit the stoma with a pouch glue opening, not too small or too large, and press the glue board for about 10 minutes to make it bond closely to the skin. Wear slightly looser clothing during the day, and preferably choose a special belt to protect the stoma. Take a bath with or without a stool bag. Bring enough stoma bags to change at any time when you go out. IV. Observation and care of the colostomy. There are some complications of the stoma, which require careful observation and care by the patient’s family and the patient himself, which is the key.1. Care of the skin around the stoma: Due to the corrosion of the skin around the stoma by feces and intestinal fluids, etc., skin eczema, infection, and even ulcer formation. Change the stoma bag regularly to avoid prolonged contact with the skin, and use cotton swabs to carefully remove the dirt from the gap. Carefully observe the skin around the stoma for redness, oozing, skin breakdown, infection, etc. Wipe and remove the exudate around the stoma frequently, keep the skin dry, and then apply zinc oxide ointment. 2. Observation and care of the intestinal stoma: Under the guidance of the doctor and nurse, learn how to expand the stoma by yourself, put on a finger sleeve or glove and gently expand the stoma, avoid rough expansion, and expand it once every 1-2 weeks. Observe the color of the intestinal mucosa of the stoma every day. Under normal circumstances, it is pink, but if it turns dark black, it indicates poor blood flow; observe whether there is pus or bulging at the connection between the stoma and the edge of the skin; observe whether there is retraction and obvious narrowing of the stoma that affects defecation; carefully observe whether there is prolapse of the stoma mucosa, etc. If these conditions occur, seek medical attention promptly. Proper and careful observation and care will result in a long and effective use of the stoma, which will improve the patient’s quality of life and create local conditions for the need for “fistula” surgery (e.g. Hartmann surgery).