Rectosigmoiditis is an inflammatory disease that occurs in the mucosa of the rectum and sigmoid colon, which can be clinically diagnosed according to the patient’s symptoms, signs and symptoms, laboratory tests, endoscopy and other comprehensive diagnosis, so as to take targeted treatment. Rectosigmoiditis is a relatively common clinical digestive system diseases, may be related to dietary factors, environmental factors, genetic factors, pathogenic microbial infection, intestinal microecology, immune factors. Clinical manifestations include abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and mucus, pus, and blood stools, which may be accompanied by dry stools, difficulty in defecation, and anal distension. For the diagnosis of the disease, often can be combined with the patient’s symptoms, signs, laboratory tests, endoscopy and other aspects of the analysis, routine blood tests often suggest that the inflammatory index is elevated, endoscopy often suggests that the rectum, the sigmoid colon local inflammatory exudation, redness and swelling. Treatment, generally can include drug therapy, such as sulfasalazine, mesalazine, enema treatment, etc., the above should be used under the guidance of a professional physician, and pay attention to adjust the diet.