A chest X-ray or CT chest examination reveals patchy hyperdensity shadow in the lungs, which generally refers to abnormal shadows in the lungs, often considering inflammation first and requiring anti-inflammatory and cough and sputum treatment. It is also important to consider whether there is tuberculosis. Patients with tuberculosis can also develop patchy hyperdensity shadow, often with symptoms such as afternoon hypothermia, night sweats, hemoptysis, etc. Tuberculin test and sputum for antacid bacilli are needed for further diagnosis. It is also important to pay attention to whether there are other diseases, such as lung tumor and pneumonia-type lung cancer is also not uncommon in clinical practice. Therefore, when patchy hyperdensity shadow is found in the lung, a comprehensive analysis should be made in conjunction with the specific characteristics of the patient’s condition. If the effect of anti-inflammatory and other symptomatic treatment is not satisfactory, attention should be paid to perfecting bronchoscopy and CT-guided puncture to further clarify the diagnosis.