A. How is lumbar spondylolisthesis treated by intervertebral foraminoscopy surgery? Doctors will cut a less than 1 centimeter in the side of the patient’s waist, through this incision to a 0.7-centimeter diameter cannula to the location of the disc; and then the surgical instruments through the cannula through, including grasping forceps, radiofrequency ablation of the knife head, etc., these special instruments can be the protruding disc excision, so that it is no longer pressed to the nerves; in addition, the head of the laminoscopic cannula has a small light bulb and two Camera, you can do surgery to all corners of the light clearly, and displayed on the computer screen, the entire surgeon is looking at the screen operation. Second, the success rate of the operation is high? If the patient’s condition is suitable for minimally invasive surgery, the surgeon is more experienced in surgical operation, the success rate of surgery is still relatively high. Third, the intervertebral foraminoscopy surgery can completely cure the lumbar disc herniation? Surgery only helps patients to solve the symptoms of lumbar disc herniation, and it can not be said to be a complete cure. I always tell my patients that when they have a herniated disc, no matter whether they have surgery or not, they must treat themselves as if they have a lumbar spine disease. Even if you have surgery and your discomfort is completely gone, you are still a good candidate for lumbar disc reherniation. Fourth, is local anesthesia or general anesthesia used for laminectomy? Will patients feel pain during the surgery? General anesthesia is not available for laminectomy. Because the surgeon needs the patient’s cooperation (such as moving the toes) when doing surgical operations on the side of the nerves, the patient is unable to cooperate if general anesthesia is done. In the North University Hospital for laminectomy, anesthesia generally have two choices, one is to do a low concentration of lumbar anesthesia, the second is local anesthesia. The low concentration of lumbar anesthesia can achieve the separation of sensation and movement, which means that the patient’s lower limbs will not feel pain, but can move and cooperate with the doctor’s operation during the surgery. The patient can go down to the ground four to six hours after the operation. If you do local anesthesia, during the operation, the patient’s pain is a little stronger than lumbar anesthesia, but this pain is also completely tolerated by the patient. And local anesthesia can avoid some of the risks of lumbar anesthesia, postoperative recovery will be faster, some patients can get down to the ground in one to two hours after surgery. Fifth, how long does the surgery take? How long do patients need to be hospitalized? Surgery time depends on the size and location of the herniated disc, whether it is combined with calcification and whether it is accompanied by spinal stenosis. If the onset of lumbar disc herniation is relatively short, the protruding disc has not yet calcified and hardened, the surgery for this type of patients will take about one hour; for some patients who have been combined with calcification or spinal stenosis, the surgery time will be a little bit longer, and it will take about two hours. The patient’s hospitalization time is very short, usually one or two days after surgery can be discharged. How small is the incision? How big is the wound after healing? The surgical incision is usually no more than 1 centimeter because the laminectomy cannula is only 0.7 centimeters in diameter, and the incision allows the laminectomy to reach in. The wound will shrink after healing and may be 0.7 or even 0.5 centimeters. Does the wound hurt after surgery and for how long? There will be some pain in the wound in the early postoperative period, but usually not more than a week. The incision is usually able to heal completely in about 10 days, and after two weeks, the patient will be able to take a shower and touch water normally. How much bleeding is involved in intervertebral foramenoscopy? Do I need blood transfusion? Intervertebral foramenoscopy surgery does not bleed a lot, usually 5~10 ml; some patients, due to the herniated disc is relatively large, in the spinal canal extrusion of the nerves and blood vessels for a long time, the blood vessels congestion is more serious, the herniated disc cut off, the spinal canal may ooze blood, but even in this case, the bleeding is usually not more than 20~30 ml. surgery, the amount of bleeding is also less than that of traditional surgery. Blood transfusion is usually not needed. Is the incision so small that it is not as easy to operate as traditional surgery? Can the herniated part be removed cleanly? Before the surgeon does the minimally invasive surgery, he or she must base on the operation technique of traditional open surgery. When operating under the intervertebral foramenoscope, the surgical field will be enlarged a lot, so the doctor’s operation will be more delicate, and the identification of ligamentous structures and decompression and release of nerves can be done better, and the protruding part of the disc can also be removed cleanly.