Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder in pediatrics. It is a chronic brain disorder characterized by transient brain dysfunction caused by abnormal neuronal discharges in the brain, with sudden onset and recurrent seizures. It is characterized by sudden onset and recurrent seizures. 75% of epilepsy occurs in children under 14 years of age and has three main causes: genetic factors, brain injury and metabolic disorders. Benign epilepsy in children, also known as benign epilepsy with central temporal spikes in children, is one of the most common partial epilepsy syndromes in childhood, with an age of onset between 3 and 13 years, with a peak between 5 and 10 years, and generally disappearing between 15 and 17 years. The etiology is unknown and may be related to genetics. The disease occurs in 70-80% of cases during sleep. Most of the children have abnormal sensation of the tongue, lips and inner cheeks on one side, clonic twitching of the corners of the mouth, accompanied by twitching of the muscles on that side, twitching of the upper limbs on the same side, and occasionally twitching of the lower limbs on the same side. About half of the children have salivation and vocal disturbance at the beginning of the attack. Some children have generalized twitching, and only a few children show generalized seizures. The EEG shows normal background activity during the interictal period. During the waking period, spike waves or spike-slow complex waves can be seen scattered in the sensory-motor cortex unilaterally or bilaterally, corresponding to the central, parietal, and middle temporal regions, and can be synchronous or asynchronous when bilateral. The firing increases significantly after sleep, and sometimes the frequency of firing can obscure the normal sleep brain waves, making staging impossible. Therefore, it is very important to take sleep EEG tracings for suspected cases in children. The child’s intellectual development is normal before and after the onset of the disease, and the neurological and neuroimaging examinations are normal. The disease is self-limiting and most of them resolve completely before puberty. The number of episodes is low and no treatment is needed. Recurrent attacks can be treated with medication. Regardless of whether the seizures are frequent or not and whether the treatment is timely, the seizures stop around puberty and the EEG returns to normal.