Minimally invasive TLIF surgery, is a relatively new technique for spinal fusion. Since its invention, it has undergone rapid development. It has been widely used for lumbar degenerative diseases, lumbar instability, and discogenic diseases. Advantages: The TL IF technique avoids or minimizes intraoperative strain on the nerve roots, dura and spinal cones (above L3), thus avoiding nerve injury or cerebrospinal fluid leakage. In addition, TL IF, by removing only one side of the synovial joint, the impact on spinal stability is much less than PL IF. The basic steps of the TLIF technique are as follows: the pedicle screws are inserted under a C-arm x-ray machine with the assistance of standard procedures, and then a connecting rod is placed on the contralateral side of the synovectomy, which is then propped up as far as possible to help open up the segmental space. During arthrodesis, it is important to prevent injury to the nerve roots and intracanalicular plexus by placing an ipsilateral connecting rod and spreading it further to facilitate manipulation of the ipsilateral intervertebral disc. The disc annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus are carefully removed from the ipsilateral side, and a small portion of the upper surface of the inferior vertebral body is carefully removed to widen the intervertebral space for insertion of an appropriately sized intervertebral fusion (cage). The cage is inserted with pressure on the intervertebral space, which not only facilitates interbody fusion but also restores normal physiological flexion of the lumbar spine. This procedure is performed without exposing the dura and other structures in the spinal canal. Pictures of the procedure: 1. body surface positioning 2. needle guide 3. intraoperative procedure 4. end of surgery 5. wound after surgery