Medial knee swelling pain is relatively common in clinical practice. Most patients with osteoarthritis occur in the medial compartment of the joint, so medial compartment lesions in knee osteoarthritis can cause medial knee swelling pain. Osteochondroma is often located around the knee joint, especially on the medial side of the proximal tibia. Damage to the surrounding tissues can cause aseptic inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues, resulting in swelling and pain on the medial side of the knee. Injury to the medial meniscus of the knee can also cause swelling and pain on the medial side of the knee, along with interlocking. There is also tendonitis of the goose foot of the knee and bursitis of the goose foot, which are chronic aseptic inflammatory diseases of the goose foot and synovial membrane, which can also cause swelling and pain on the inside of the knee, mainly related to chronic strain. Therefore, the swelling and pain on the inside of the knee is mainly related to the strain and degeneration of the joint and surrounding tissues, and the cause of the swelling and pain must be clarified and targeted treatment chosen.