Vocal cord congestion and swelling indicates inflammatory pathological changes of vocal cord, such as pharyngitis, bad life habits can lead to, while cancer usually manifests as ulcers, neoplasm, but some of the tissue changes of the two may overlap and transition, such as examination found that the vocal cord is congested and swollen should follow the doctor’s instructions to improve further examination and treatment. Vocal cord congestion is often triggered by certain infectious diseases, such as allergic pharyngolaryngitis, acute pharyngolaryngitis, reflux pharyngolaryngitis, etc. Inflammation affects the tissues around the vocal cords, which can result in congestion and swelling of the vocal cords. In addition, long-term staying up late, emotional tension, bad dietary habits and other bad life habits lead to lesions of the vocal cords easily stimulated. Vocal cord cancer usually manifests as mucosal ulcers and surface neoplasm, such as ulcers visible on the surface infiltrating into the deeper layers, with more irregular boundaries; or irregular or spherical elevation on the surface, some of which may be cauliflower-like. It is recommended that the patient consult a doctor to check the etiology of vocal cord congestion and swelling, improve the relevant examination to clarify the diagnosis, and follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize the treatment.