Scleral staphyloma refers to the outward expansion of the sclera together with the uvea, like purple-black grapes, so it is called staphyloma. It can be divided into anterior scleral staphyloma, equatorial scleral staphyloma and posterior scleral staphyloma according to the protruding part. Posterior scleral staphyloma is caused by congenital defects or pathological damage to the posterior sclera, or other causes of weakened resistance, and the sclera and staphyloma bulge outward under normal or high intraocular pressure, commonly around the optic nerve and the posterior pole. Most of these patients have a history of high myopia, and their clinical manifestations are mainly hypermetropia, which may lead to severe vision loss.