Male, 53 years old. The patient had a previous diagnosis of hepatitis B and had been hospitalized repeatedly in the past. He was treated with entecavir 1 tablet/d in May 2006, when he was treated with ALT 245 IU/L, total bilirubin 18.7 μmol/L, prothrombin time 17.1 s, albumin 37.2 g/L, and viral load HBV DNA 6.7×105 copies/ml. After 2 months of treatment, his liver function was normal, HBV DNA became negative, and quality of life improved. After 2 months of treatment, liver function was normal, HBV DNA was negative and quality of life improved. After 2 months of discontinuation, ascites gradually appeared, jaundice gradually deepened, total bilirubin was up to 283.6 μmol/L, prothrombin time significantly prolonged to 23.7 s, albumin decreased to 23.7 g/L, HBV DNA viral amount rebounded to 3.9×108copies/ml. The jaundice (total bilirubin) dropped to 90μmol/L. Just when the patient and the doctor were relieved, the jaundice (total bilirubin) rose again to 197μmol/L because of the patient’s improper diet and the combination of severe pancreatitis. However, with the joint efforts of the family and medical staff, after 40 days of careful step-by-step resuscitation treatment and the use of the best drugs, the patient finally passed the difficult time and returned to normal. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a widespread infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus. Antiviral therapy is an important treatment for hepatitis B, but it takes a long time and costs a lot of money, and there is no fixed course of treatment. Anti-viral therapy cannot be easily discontinued and is prone to relapse after discontinuation, which can lead to treatment failure in mild cases or even life-threatening serious damage to liver function in severe cases. Many patients die not from the disease, but from ignorance. Therefore, patient compliance is very important to the efficacy of antiviral therapy. The efficacy of antiviral therapy is directly related to whether patients can take their medication on time, in the right amount, and consistently. In our daily work, we often see that patients’ disease is aggravated by stopping medication or not following medical advice, which is called poor adherence. In practice, many patients have poor compliance. The reasons for this are as follows: the patient does not know enough about the disease and does not pay attention to it ideologically; the patient does not fully understand the medical advice. In the process of antiviral treatment, it is important to pay attention to the importance of taking medication on time and not missing medication, and to understand the toxic side effects of medication. Toxic side effects. If you can’t tolerate the drug because of its adverse effects, or if you have drug resistance, you should stop or change the drug scientifically under the close observation and guidance of your doctor.