Acromegaly is a rare chronic progressive disease that is caused in more than 95% of cases by pituitary adenomas that secrete and release growth hormone (GH). It is most commonly seen in young adults between the ages of 20 and 50 years old. Patients with GH overproduction cause hypertrophy of the extremities, soft tissue hypertrophy, and serious joint and cardiovascular complications, which can shorten life expectancy, so acromegaly requires early diagnosis and treatment. The pituitary gland is located in the pterygoid saddle, a saddle-shaped fossa at the base of the skull, and has two lobes: the posterior lobe (pituitary gland) and the anterior lobe (pituitary gland). The anterior pituitary gland is a typical endocrine gland that synthesizes and secretes a variety of hormones. Names and roles of hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH): controls the release of adrenal steroid hormones. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH): control reproductive function. Thyrotropin (TSH) regulates cellular metabolism; Prolactin (PL): stimulates milk secretion. Growth hormone (GH): involved in growth regulation. Effects of growth hormone (GH): Promotes the release of insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) from the liver. Direct effects of secreted GH: blood glucose, elevates blood glucose; fat, promotes lipolysis; cells, promotes cell differentiation. Indirect effects of secreted GH (liver); skeletal muscle, stimulates growth of skeletal muscle; bone, stimulates growth of bone. Pituitary growth hormone adenoma An overproliferation of growth hormone-secreting endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary gland forming a growth hormone adenoma, which is benign and does not metastasize to other parts of the body. According to the diameter of adenoma, it is classified into microadenoma (diameter <10mm), macroadenoma (diameter ≥10mm), and giant adenoma (diameter ≥30mm) Symptoms of acromegaly Clinical manifestations include progressive enlargement of hands and feet, head, thorax and limbs, hypertrophy of palms, thickening of fingers, spherical distal end, bulging forehead, marked protrusion of orbits, cheekbones and jaw, widening of teeth, malocclusion of teeth. Thickened lips, wide and flattened nasal bridge, larger ears (hats, shoes and socks, gloves are often replaced with larger sizes); rough, sagging, oily and sweaty skin, hyperpigmentation and skin redundancy. Serious complications include: sleep apnea, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and colon polyps. Although acromegaly is not difficult to diagnose, it progresses slowly and is not easily taken seriously by patients. Many patients do not present to the hospital until 7 to 8 years after the onset of symptoms. This disease can shorten the life expectancy of patients and seriously affect their quality of life. Therefore, early diagnosis, definitive diagnosis and early treatment are key to reducing the risk of the disease. The fundamental treatment is to bring the blood level of GH down to normal as soon as possible.