The current vaccines against pneumonia are the 13-valent pneumonia vaccine and the 23-valent pneumonia vaccine. Both vaccines are self-funded and voluntary. Vaccination is recommended if the vaccinator’s condition permits or if the person is at high risk. Vaccination is especially necessary for children, where pneumonia is a high incidence, and for some high-risk groups who are susceptible to pneumonia, such as HIV-infected people, people who have been infected with pneumococcal disease, and people with chronic illnesses, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), high blood pressure, and diabetes mellitus. Inadequate or incomplete treatment of pneumococcal infection can lead to meningitis, otitis media, sepsis and even septic shock. At present, there are more than 90 types of Streptococcus pneumoniae known in the clinic, among which 13-valent pneumonia vaccine can prevent 13 types of Streptococcus pneumoniae and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine can prevent 23 types of Streptococcus pneumoniae. To summarize, it is recommended that people with conditions as well as high-risk groups go for pneumonia vaccination in time.