Surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma Currently, the most effective treatment for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is still surgical resection, but the biological behavior of cholangiocarcinoma determines its clinical characteristics of low resection rate. In particular, because of its extrahepatic bile duct and special location, cholangiocarcinoma of the hilar region is often at an advanced stage once diagnosed, so surgical resection is more difficult. The literature reports that the cholangiocarcinoma that can be surgically resected ranges from 5% to 50%, with an average of 20%. Yellow treatment: There are still debates on preoperative yellow reduction and drainage, and the reasons for not advocating yellow reduction are: A. the morbidity and mortality rate and complication rate after yellow reduction have not been reduced; B. preoperative transendoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) is difficult to succeed; C. preoperative percutaneous hepatic puncture for external biliary drainage (PTCD) complications, especially the threat of embedded biliary tract infection, are high. Caudate lobectomy: The amount and site of resection depend on the extent of tumor infiltration, and most emphasize complete resection. Pre-blocking bands are routinely placed in the first hepatic portal and inferior vena cava in the upper and lower portions of the liver to prevent aggressive bleeding from the portal and vena cava. The left (small omental) approach is to fully dissociate the hepatogastric ligament and turn the liver to the right to reveal the left margin of the inferior vena cava; the right approach is to fully dissociate the right half of the liver and turn it to the left to reveal the posterior vena cava throughout; the central approach is to cut the liver parenchyma through the median hepatic fissure to reach the hepatic hilar, and then combine the left and right approaches to complete resection of the caudal lobe. The right half of the liver and the caudal lobe are turned to the left, and the loose connective tissue between the caudal lobe and the inferior vena cava is separated, and a variable number of short hepatic veins are visible. In a few patients, ligation of the short hepatic vein can also be performed from the left side.