The skull is hard and flexible, and it is like a coat for the brain, protecting the intracranial tissues from the outside world. However, cranial defects are frequent nowadays, such as sudden falling objects, major traffic accidents and some craniotomies, which are common causes of cranial defects. Regardless of the cause of cranial defect, its harmfulness should not be underestimated, and patients should not cause more harm because of their ignorance. Recently, there are some patients who ask whether they can not fill the skull with large skull loss, and the reason is that they do not realize the seriousness of skull loss, otherwise they would not think so. It should be pointed out that the harm of cranial defect is multifaceted, it will break the original physiological balance in the skull, so that the cranial cavity contents are in a variable state, which will lead to serious brain tissue deformation, displacement and ventricular enlargement, etc. Moreover, cranial defect will affect the patient’s neurological function, making patients have headache and dizziness, anxiety and various mental disorders, etc. Cranial defects have far-reaching effects, and timely cranial repair surgery is of great significance, but in cranial repair surgery, the choice of material is an important factor affecting the success of the surgery, and patients should be careful. Currently, titanium mesh material is widely used, but it has certain disadvantages and shortcomings, and there is more risk of material exposure after surgery, so that it has to be repaired again, and patients are more painful.