Surgery is generally recommended for renal cysts measuring 11cmx7cm, and commonly used surgical procedures include anhydrous ethanol puncture sclerotherapy and cystectomy.
1. Anhydrous ethanol puncture sclerotherapy: For larger cysts with a diameter of >4cm, puncture and injection of sclerosing agent such as anhydrous ethanol can be considered to prevent recurrence. This method is simple, less traumatic and less painful, but for cases where large blood vessels, intestinal tubes, liver, spleen and other organs may be damaged, this type of operation should be chosen with caution.
2. Cystectomy: Cystectomy or even nephrectomy should be considered for patients with huge cysts with a volume of >500ml, malignant tendency or recurrence after puncture. Commonly used surgical procedures include laparoscopic decapitation and decompression of renal cysts.
Simple renal cysts have a low chance of malignancy, have little effect on renal function, progress slowly and have a good prognosis. However, some of the cyst walls also have the risk of malignant transformation, so patients are advised to have regular review and choose the appropriate treatment plan under the advice of doctors.