Chronic nephritis is a highly prevalent disease in China, accounting for about 10%, while primary glomerular diseases account for the most of chronic nephritis, accounting for about 71%. Secondary glomerular diseases account for 23%, tubulointerstitial diseases account for about 3%, and the rest belong to genetic and congenital kidney diseases. Among primary glomerular diseases IgA nephropathy tops the list of etiologic factors in China, accounting for about 40%, the remaining pathological types are highest in mesangial proliferative lesions, accounting for about 30%, and membranous nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis account for 10%, 6%, and 5%, respectively.