Esophageal atresia has effects when it grows up that can lead to narrowing of the esophagus and affect the intake of food. Esophageal atresia is a congenital condition that is caused by factors such as dysplasia and can be life-threatening if left untreated. Esophageal atresia can affect the swallowing function of the patient and can lead to a variety of complications when the patient grows up. The main complication is the narrowing of the esophagus, which prevents food from passing normally when eating. Esophageal atresia can affect the absorption of nutrients in the long term, leading not only to indigestion, but also to malnutrition. If esophageal atresia is found in a newborn baby after birth, it should be treated promptly. Minimally invasive surgery should be chosen as much as possible to reduce the damage caused to the chest wall. The normal passage of the esophagus is restored through surgical treatment to avoid any impact on the diet in the future.