Treatment of anal pruritus

  1, limited anal pruritus drug treatment should be based on local topical treatment, systemic treatment of various types of agents used, such as corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory mediators, a variety of sedatives and other anal pruritus does not have a significant anti-itch effect, but there are many side effects or adverse effects, in the absence of clear indications should avoid the application.  2, for only local itching and anal skin normal, to boric acid water cleaning cold anal compress, if the addition of ice so that the water temperature at about 4 to 5 ℃ cold compress. Patients squatting with gauze or skim cotton cold compress anal, can be received immediately to stop the itching effect. Once a day, once in the morning and once in the evening, each time about 5min, after the cold compress with a dry towel to wipe dry the local, puff with ordinary talcum powder, keep dry. This type of anal itch should not be applied externally ointment, ointment hinders heat dissipation, increased sweat prone to induce itching. It is advisable to use cool and dry lotion, such as white lotion, furnace glycerine lotion, etc.  3, the anal skin is rough and thick tessellation damage more often have a combination of infection, available appropriate antibiotics or antibacterial agents, infection control, the implementation of local encapsulation treatment; after cleaning the local, with alcohol or Neosporin solution local disinfection, with injectable prednisolone injection or de-inflammatory pine injection to injection needle drops of the drug in the lesion, so that the lesion is fully immersed in the drug, the patient feel itching reduced, local drug solution The patient feels that the itching is reduced and the local solution is dried, and then apply common rubber cream or ointment containing anti-itching agent according to the size of the lesion, or use film-forming agent or gel containing the drug as a film-like package. This method should be performed at bedtime, and after 6-8 hours, remove the hard paste or film-forming encapsulation, clean the area, and apply a drying lotion or anti-itch aerosol spray. This method has a good effect on relieving itching and promoting the receding of tinea infection damage.  4.Injection therapy Inject the drug into the subcutaneous or intradermal, destroy the sensory nerve, so that local sensation decreases, the symptoms disappear, and the local damage is cured, and about 50% of cases or more can be cured permanently. However, those with strict itching are prone to recurrence and need to be treated by injection again. Injecting drugs not only destroy sensory nerves, but also motor nerves, which often lead to sensory anal incontinence and sphincter malfunction of different severity, but can recover on their own after a period of time.  (1) Alcohol subcutaneous injection: Alcohol can dissolve the nerve myelin sheath without damaging the nerve axis, causing denaturation of sensory nerve endings and loss of sensation in the skin until the nerve regenerates, and there are two methods of injection. (1) Zonal subcutaneous injection method: Divide the area around the anus into 4 zones and inject 1 zone each time. After skin disinfection, procaine solution is injected subcutaneously with a long needle, which is left in place, and then alcohol is injected. The injected drug should be evenly distributed and should not flow out or have tension. Nor should it be injected into the skin to avoid skin necrosis; moreover, it should not be injected into the anal canal sphincter to prevent sphincter paralysis. After injection, apply hot compresses and give sedatives to relieve pain, and then inject another 1 area at an interval of 5-10 d. The 4 areas will be completely injected. (2) Multiple subcutaneous injection method: After local anesthesia, inject alcohol into the perineum subcutaneously with a very fine needle through multiple punctures, at a distance of 0, 5 cm each, injecting 2 to 3 drops each, avoiding injection into the skin or sphincter.  (2) Intradermal injection of methylene blue: inject methylene blue solution into the perianal skin to make the sensation of internal nerve endings disappear and the itching subside. The injection solution is made of methylene blue and procaine dissolved in distilled water, and the skin of the anus is coated with red mercury solution, and the solution is injected into the perianal skin with a fine needle, 3 to 4 drops are injected at each place, and all the itchy area is injected. The total amount should not exceed 20ml, and after injection, the anal area should be reapplied with sterile gauze and pain relief with morphine or codeine.  5.Surgical treatment Spontaneous itching after the above treatment does not improve or repeated recurrence can be used for surgical treatment. There are two types of surgical methods: removal of the skin innervation of the anus and excision of the skin of the anus.  (1) Subcutaneous incision: A semicircular incision is made on each side of the anus, 5 cm from the anal verge, and the subcutaneous fat is incised, the skin is separated medially to reveal the lower edge of the external sphincter, and the skin is separated from the internal sphincter into the anal flap plane. Then the skin on the anterior and posterior sides of the anus was separated by deep tissue to allow for wound traffic on both sides of the anus. Finally, the skin at the outer edge of the incision is separated outward for 1 to 2 cm, and after hemostasis, the skin pieces are sutured in place, sometimes requiring drainage to be placed and covered with an external compression dressing. The bowel needs to be prepared before surgery, and fecal evacuation is controlled for 3 to 4 days after surgery. The results, which vary from report to report, mostly achieve good results, but there are reports of recurrent cases and wound infection and dehiscence.  (2) Excisional suture: make an incision along the anal margin from front to back, make another curved incision on the outside of the incision, include the lesioned skin in the incision, connect the two ends of the incision, excise the semilunar skin between the 2 incisions, and suture the wound. The contralateral side was excised in the same way. Itching can be stopped after excision of the skin, but infection sometimes occurs in the wound.