Surgery is a kind of trauma to the organism, which has an effect not only on the operated organ but also on the whole body. Surgery can cause trauma, and trauma can cause changes in endocrine and metabolic processes, and these changes can lead to high nutrient depletion in the body, therefore, reasonable nutrition is inevitably required. Generally, blood loss occurs in surgery, and postoperative symptoms such as fever, infection, metabolic disorders, loss of appetite, decreased digestive and absorption functions, dry stools, and even serious complications occur. Due to intraoperative blood loss and protein loss as well as increased postoperative catabolism, the body is prone to negative nitrogen balance. This requires that calories, proteins and other nutrients should be supplemented in a timely manner. Usually well-nourished patients can be treated smoothly after mild trauma or general surgery because they have a more adequate nutritional reserve. However, if patients do not get reasonable nutrition supply for a long time, serious malnutrition may occur, which may affect the treatment effect and even endanger the life. Therefore, reasonable nutrition is especially important, as it is related to the success or failure of surgery and the recovery of the wound and physique after surgery. High-calorie and high-protein diet Regardless of the size of surgery, it can lead to heat consumption, so patients must increase the supply of heat. Protein is the raw material for renewal and repair of wounded tissues. Due to the increase of protein exuded from the wounded surface and catabolism of the operated hand after surgery, if we don’t pay attention to protein intake, it will cause the phenomenon of reduced blood volume, lower plasma protein, weakened wound healing ability and decreased immune function. Therefore, a high-calorie, high-protein diet must be supplied after surgery. Adequate carbohydrates Adequate carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are the main source of caloric energy, accounting for 60% to 70% of total caloric energy; if carbohydrates are not consumed after surgery, dietary protein can be consumed as caloric energy, which is unfavorable to the patient’s recovery. In addition, carbohydrates are easy to digest and absorb, which is especially suitable for those with poor digestive function after surgery. Vitamins and minerals are indispensable Vitamins and minerals are indispensable: vitamins have a close relationship with trauma and surgical wound healing. In patients with good nutritional status, the postoperative water-soluble vitamins are two to three times larger than the normal need, while the supply of fat-soluble vitamins need not be too much. B vitamins are closely related to carbohydrate metabolism and have great influence on wound healing. Patients with fractures should take vitamin D supplements to promote calcium and phosphorus metabolism, which is beneficial to fracture healing. Minerals are indispensable for maintaining normal physiological functions and metabolism. Surgery can cause loss of urinary nitrogen and increase the excretion of some elements, so postoperative and rehabilitation patients should pay special attention to supplementation of minerals.