Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune connective tissue disease with inflammation of the skin and muscles as the main manifestation. Dermatomyositis in children, or pediatric dermatomyositis, does not differ significantly from adult patients in terms of clinical presentation. Pediatric dermatomyositis is a rheumatologic disease that is rare in children, with a prevalence of 4-10 years of age. The disease is characterized by a history of upper respiratory tract infections, absence of Raynaud’s phenomenon and scleroderma-like changes, vascular lesions, ulcers and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract before the onset of the disease. Pediatric dermatomyositis mainly affects the transverse muscles, and presents with weakness of the pharyngeal muscles, neck muscles, and limb-banded extremities, such as difficulty swallowing, choking on water, hoarseness, difficulty lifting and tilting the head, difficulty walking, and even difficulty breathing; it can also present with skin damage, and a purplish rash can appear on the forehead, cheekbones, nasal bridge, nasolabial folds, and neck, etc. It can involve the lungs and heart and present with corresponding The lungs and heart can be involved. For pediatric patients with dermatomyositis, all suspicious lesions should be removed as much as possible and treated with antibiotics and corticosteroids as prescribed by the doctor, which is more effective.