Constipation is very common in our life. So what is the best way to deal with constipation? First of all, constipation is divided into functional constipation and organic constipation. Organic constipation is mainly due to other diseases that cause constipation. For example, constipation caused by a lump in the intestine, resulting in narrowing of the intestinal cavity and difficulty in defecation. For example, some endocrine and metabolic system diseases, such as hypothyroidism, cause constipation due to slow intestinal peristalsis. Therefore, when you feel constipation, you should exclude other diseases that may cause constipation. Functional constipation is constipation caused by non-systemic diseases or intestinal diseases. The causes of constipation are very complex, but in summary, there are mainly the following three categories: 1, constipation caused by the slow movement of the intestine itself, called slow-transmission constipation. Patients with this type of constipation usually have a reduced number of stools and dry, hard stools as the main manifestation. 2.Constipation caused by fecal discharge obstruction, called outlet obstruction type constipation. The main manifestation of this type of patients is not necessarily dry and hard stool, but very difficult to pass, long defecation time, feeling unclean after the bowel movement, and still want to defecate. 3, mixed type, that is, both slow transmission causes, but also the exit obstruction causes. Do we have any solutions for these causes? The basic treatment of constipation is the adjustment of diet and living habits. Eat more fiber-rich foods, such as fresh vegetables, coarse grains, non-tropical fruits, such as apples, pears. Drink no less water, at least 2000 ml of water per day. Combine with some exercise, such as slow walking, jogging, swimming. It is important to develop good defecation habits, such as going to defecate after breakfast every day, concentrating on defecation, not looking at the phone or reading the newspaper, and keeping the defecation time within 10 minutes. When the basic treatment is not effective, you can try to take some diarrhea-relieving drugs. There are many types of laxative medications, which are broadly divided into bulking laxatives, osmotic laxatives and stimulant laxatives. Stimulant laxatives such as senna, fruit guide tablets, these laxatives strongly stimulate intestinal peristalsis, leading to bowel movements. These laxatives are not recommended because they can cause damage to intestinal motility and are irreversible, making it easy to become dependent and difficult to stop taking them. The representative drugs such as psyllium and cellulose are used to loosen the stool and make it easy to pass water. Due to the continuous progress of drug development, osmotic laxatives have also become very safe, representative drugs such as polyethylene glycol, lactulose, etc. There are no studies to show that one laxative star is better than another. So the choice about the medication is often a joint process between the doctor and the patient. The methods described above are available for all patients with constipation. Surgical treatment of constipation is only applicable to a very small percentage of these patients. When all treatments are ineffective in patients with slow-transmission constipation, which seriously affects life and work, total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis can be considered in very few cases, and most patients are satisfied with the postoperative results. However, other side effects and surgical complications associated with surgery need to be considered carefully. A number of tests are available to assess the cause of outlet obstruction constipation, such as rectal manometry and fecal imaging. Common causes of outlet obstruction include internal rectal prolapse, prolapse of the rectum, and puborectalis syndrome. Some surgical methods are available to address these causes, although it should be noted that these surgical methods are under clinical observation and long-term efficacy is uncertain.