The lumbar intervertebral disc is composed of four parts: cartilage plate, fibrous ring, nucleus pulposus and longitudinal ligament. A normal adult L3 disc has a pressure of 20 kg when lying down and 270 kg when sitting up, and a normal disc is flexible and resilient and has a strong resistance to compression, withstanding a pressure of 450 kg without damage. Degeneration of this structure can occur in the prime of life, and herniation of the nucleus pulposus is more likely to occur due to the reduced water content of the nucleus pulposus and the excessive weakening of the annulus fibrosus by external forces. It is generally believed that after the age of 20, the intervertebral disc begins to metamorphose, the water content of the nucleus pulposus gradually decreases, and the elasticity and load resistance of the disc also decreases. In daily life, the lumbar intervertebral disc is repeatedly subjected to loads such as extrusion, flexion and torsion, and it is easy to produce fissures from the inside out at the place where the lumbar intervertebral disc is subjected to the greatest pressure, i.e., the rear part of the fibrous ring, and this change is gradually aggravated by accumulation and the fissures are increasing, and the fibrous ring here gradually becomes weak. On this basis, due to a heavy trauma, or repeated mild trauma, or even some daily activities to increase the pressure of the disc, can prompt further rupture of the metaplasia and accumulative injury of the annulus fibrosus, the degenerated nucleus pulposus tissue by the weakness of the annulus fibrosus or the rupture protrudes, the injury of the annulus fibrosus itself can cause lumbago, and the protrusion compresses the nerve root or cauda equina nerve, causing radiological pain, inherent lumbago and radiating lower extremity pain, and symptoms and body of nerve function impairment.