Urine routine is a compulsory item in medical checkups and nephrology examinations. Abnormal urine routine often precedes changes in kidney function and can be used to detect early kidney diseases, and it can also assess the effect of kidney disease treatment and provide reference value for the development of treatment plans. The most important items inside the urine routine are urine protein and occult blood, and a positive result indicates kidney damage. Common kidney diseases include glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, etc., suggesting that we need to further clarify the diagnosis of kidney disease. The three positive urine leukocytes, nitrite, and bacteria suggest the presence of urinary tract infection, which needs to be combined with clinical symptoms, as well as urine culture, blood count, CRP and other inflammatory indicators to select antibiotic treatment. Urine specific gravity and PH value represent the acidification and concentration function of renal tubules, and positive urine glucose indicates possible blood sugar abnormalities, so routine urine examination is very meaningful and important.