Autologous cartilage has become the most reasonable rhinoplasty material recognized by the medical plastic surgery industry, in which the most used are ear cartilage, nasal septum cartilage and rib cartilage. If you only need to do the tip of the nose, nasal column with autologous ear cartilage or septum cartilage is enough, if you need to do the bridge of the nose, then you need to use autologous rib cartilage. At present, Europe, the United States with autologous cartilage to do rhinoplasty is more common, and Asia is relatively less. In the past two to three years, cartilage rhinoplasty has been accepted by more and more people and achieved good results. Three kinds of autologous cartilage rhinoplasty material taking parts 1, nasal septum cartilage Nasal septum cartilage is mainly in the nasal cavity, cut the periosteum of the nasal bone, close to the separation of the nasal bone, the preparation of a good deep and not biased, the size of the dorsum of the nose tunnel. Depending on the condition, the cartilaginous membrane and periosteum on both sides of the septum are peeled off to form a lateral tunnel. From the front to the back, the bottom of the septal cartilage and the deviated maxillary nasal ridge and the plow bone were transected from 0.3 to 0.4 cm wide, and when the middle or/and the upper part of the nasal septum were deviated, the cartilage or/and the bone were cut into a “field” shape or a vertical strip shape, and pushed back to the midline together with the attached cartilaginous membrane and periosteum. 2, ear cartilage Mainly take the cartilage of the auricular cavity, because the ear cartilage in the ear socket will be regenerated, the appearance will not change, and the wound can be hidden behind the ear and not easy to be found, and the thinness of the ear cartilage is suitable for placing in the nose. The key point in removing the ear cartilage is that the surgeon must leave the cartilage membrane intact and only remove the cartilage. This will ensure the regeneration of the cartilage in the ear socket. 3.Rib cartilage Under local anesthesia, a 3cm long incision is made under the breast contour line (for women) or on the surface of the seventh rib cartilage to reveal the cartilage membrane, peel back the periosteum, and then cut the rib cartilage of the required length (generally 4cm-5cm). The length of the nasal dorsum is determined according to the point of the nasal root and the upper point of the nasal tip, and the cartilage of the required length is cut and sculpted according to the fine aesthetic standard of the rib cartilage grafts, and the cartilage must be staggered and cut from the four surfaces of the cartilage in 2/3 to eliminate the cohesive stress of the cartilage and to prevent bending of the cartilage after the cartilage has been sculpted. Comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the three autologous cartilage augmentation surgery A. The use of the nasal septum and its advantages Nasal septum cartilage is a plate cartilage that plays a role in the division of the two nasal passages, will be retained in front of the upper part of each, after the lower part of the overall removal, can maintain the integrity of the nasal morphology, but also to get the required materials, but also to take the material parts of the rhinoplasty is in the same field, without the need for another incision, is really a! This is a strategy of “three birds with one stone”. Taken off the septum transparent cartilage, in the hands of experienced doctors, a little processing, can become a change in the shape of the tip of the nose “parts”. For example: support rod grafts, fixed in the nasal columella constitute the “roof pillar” of the entire nasal cone, so that the entire tip of the nose has a point of force; septum extension grafts, fixed in front of the septum can be made to the tip of the nose forward and downward, to solve the problem of “open nose” and “open nostrils”. “Shield-shaped grafts, fixed between the highest point of the nasal tip and the upper end of the nasal columella, give the nose a “pointy nose” when viewed from the side and a “pointy nose” when viewed from the front. The effect of the “tip of the nose” when viewed from the side. There are dozens of similar graft “parts”, which basically cover all the unattractive tip modifications, and have become a powerful tool in the hands of the rhinoplasty surgeon. Advantages of septal cartilage Autologous septal cartilage transplantation is part of autologous tissue transplantation, avoiding allogeneic tissue rejection and providing a high degree of safety. Nasal septum cartilage surgery and nasal columella lengthening surgery are performed in the same surgical incision, eliminating the need for a second surgical area in another part of the body, and reducing the total incision area of the body. The septal cartilage is easy to shape and fix, and the support effect is obvious, so it is easier to meet the cosmetic requirements of the nose for customers with indications. Nasal septum cartilage has a hard texture, which makes it easy to shape a rounded and curved nose, and it can even be used to treat the curvature of the nasal septum or to correct nasal congestion and other diseases. However, due to the limited amount of septal cartilage that can be removed, it can only be used for nasal tip reshaping and nasal columella reshaping. There will be partial absorption, the absorption rate varies from person to person, generally below 15%. Second, the use of ear cartilage and its advantages Ear cartilage is mainly used for nasal tip elevation surgery. It has the characteristics of good histocompatibility and solidity. Ear cartilage and nasal local tissue healing as one, it is easy to fix, there will be no displacement; there will be no xenobiotic reaction; and, ear cartilage absorption, autologous cartilage absorption rate is low, there is no blood supply can survive; in addition, ear cartilage rhinoplasty operation is simple, taken from the body, easy to obtain. It is easy to carve and trim the model, which is the ideal material for rhinoplasty. Usually, the shape of nasal prosthesis material is fixed (L-shaped), and can’t make a beautiful tip of the nose, while the use of ear cartilage can completely achieve the effect of shaping the tip of the nose, which eliminates the deformation of the nose, perforation and other shortcomings. It is not necessary to worry about the normal contact with the nose after the operation, and the nose can be pushed and pressed, and the touch is soft and realistic. The ear cartilage in the ear socket will be regenerated, so the appearance will not change and the wound can be hidden behind the ear without being easily noticed. The thinness of the ear cartilage is suitable for placing on the nose. Unfortunately, the amount of ear cartilage is small and is only used to elevate the tip of the nose. It is not suitable for the nasal columella, which will be curved after surgery due to the curvature of the alar cartilage. There will be partial absorption, the absorption rate varies from person to person, generally below 15%. Rib cartilage and its advantages As another representative of transparent cartilage, rib cartilage has a large number of sources, reliable texture, and safe extraction methods. It is also the “ultimate weapon” for difficult congenital nasal deformities and acquired nasal deformities caused by trauma or surgery. However, the technical requirements and various hardware conditions of this surgery and doctors have been greatly improved. The advantages of rib cartilage are: low absorption rate; will not penetrate the skin; does not have blood vessels, easy to survive, will not be rejected; can be carved out of the ideal shape; the use of a wide range. The disadvantages of rib cartilage are: the need to cut the cartilage in other locations, leaving scars on the abdomen. There is also the possibility of resorption and deformation (nowadays, through technical processing, the probability of this situation is already very small.