Inferior vena cava obstruction is currently treated clinically with drug conservative treatment, interventional treatment and surgical treatment. Since there are various causes of inferior vena cava obstruction, such as deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs, deep vein thrombosis of the pelvis, inflammation leading to adhesion of the inferior vena cava, and tumor invasion or compression, the treatment is also aimed at the primary cause of the disease. The ultimate goal of treatment is to restore blood flow to the obstructed vessel or to re-establish the blood flow channel, bypassing the obstructed vessel in order to restore blood supply to the corresponding organs and tissues. In case of inferior vena cava obstruction due to thrombosis can be treated conservatively with medication, the use of pharmacologic anticoagulation, systemic or catheter thrombolysis, such as urokinase, heparin, dipyridamole, etc., has a certain degree of efficacy, while interventional and surgical treatments, postoperative, also require long-term pharmacologic anticoagulation. Interventional treatment mainly includes endovascular balloon dilatation, endovascular stent placement and inferior vena cava filter placement. Surgical treatment mainly includes artificial vascular diversion, phlebotomy and thrombectomy, and the drugs involved in the above treatments should be used under the guidance of physicians.