Excessive fear and episodic phobia Pathological explanation – We are naturally afraid of certain animals, insects or situations. For example, when we hear a snake, we feel uncomfortable, when we see a cockroach, we scream, when we go up to a high building, we look down and fear that we will fall, or we are afraid to go up to a very high place. If a person is afraid of a certain object or situation, seeking to avoid it, affecting ordinary life, such as fear of dogs too afraid to go out on the street, fear of knives too afraid to go to the kitchen, fear of taking a car too afraid to travel, it is said to be suffering from phobia. Sometimes a person will have fear for no reason and episodes of fear, extreme fear, panic, very strong heartbeat, shaking, sweating, said to be a phobic neurosis = is the recent psychiatry that phobic neurosis may be related to the nerve conduction system in the brain has a problem. It can be treated with reliable medicine. Some phobias occur as a result of a traumatic experience of terror. The phobia occurs due to the encounter of psychological dissection, such as being bitten by a snake and fear of snakes, being burned by fire and fear of fire phobia, is due to the traumatic nature of the phobia occurs sometimes phobia occurs through a special psychological process. That is, one cannot face or accept a certain fear inside. Through the “transference” approach. Change the object of fear, so that they do not even become the original object of fear. For example, a married woman who was afraid that she could not help but like the neighbor’s man. The fear of meeting the “neighbor’s man” was transferred to the fear of the “neighbor’s dog” and she was afraid to go out. As a result, the fear of the dog makes you afraid to go out: you will not have contact with the opposite sex. The fear of an extramarital affair will not occur. The effect is obtained in an indirect and diverting way. This is a psychogenic fear of neurosis, the object of fear is often of a diversionary nature. It is a symbolic object. The direction of treatment – if the phobia is traumatic, it is best to apply the principles of behavioral therapy to correct the treatment. The patient can use “desensitization therapy”, allowing the patient to start with a small amount of fearful stimuli, gradually increasing the degree of horror stimuli, so that the patient can gradually remove the fear of allergy. Sarsaparilla, who is afraid of water and afraid of animals. You can try this treatment. If the patient can provide appropriate comfort when afraid, such as the comfort of others, or appropriate rewards, it will increase the effect. In the case of psychogenic phobia, the treatment strategy should go beyond the symbolic symptoms of fear or the object of fear to analyze the treatment work and treat the original cause of the fear. Compulsion to wash one’s hands repeatedly, for fear of not getting it right, and spending so much time on it that one cannot even do anything else. The “compulsion” to wash hands. If a person counts the money, the root cautious, counted several times in a row, lest the wrong count, always uneasy. Even in the middle of the night will get up to recount the bills, every day, even they feel very painful, is also an example of OCD. OCD means that the patient suffers from a repetitive thought or behavior. Although the person knows that the repetition of the thought or behavior is unnecessary, it still happens repeatedly. It cannot be controlled or removed. As a result, it interferes with normal life and causes psychological distress. The compulsive thoughts or actions suffered by the patient usually belong to something terrible or bad. For example. Repetitive hand washing, fearing that their hands are dirty or infectious; repetitive closing of doors and windows, fearing that burglars or robbers will enter the house and have terrible consequences, etc. From a psychopathological point of view, it seems that the patient loses control over his inner, subconscious desires, actions or intentions, and therefore becomes anxious and adapts by using overly careful defensive methods. From a personality perspective, patients with OCD are often overly perfectionistic and differentiate between everything with a purely binary view of “black and white, good and bad, right and wrong”, lacking variation and accommodation. Patients are competitive and overly concerned with the notion of right or wrong, dirty or dirty, and acceptable or not. Patients often have overly strict moral requirements of their own and are unable to accommodate normal desires, therefore. Even if the usual desires or actions appear, they cannot accept them, and psychological imbalance and distress occur: because of this personality structure and psychological state, patients with OCD can be seen as coping with uncontrollable and unacceptable actions, desires, and so on. The symptoms are a manifestation of the internal struggle to cope. In recent years, psychiatrists have found that OCD may occur in association with other psychiatric disorders, and have found a high prevalence in family members. Clinical experience has confirmed that certain medicines can be used to control the condition, so it is assumed that there may be a relationship with biological factors. It is no longer only the psychological approach to grasp the disease. Principles of treatment – In recent years, psychopharmacology has become particularly advanced, and physicians have discovered that although OCD is not a mental illness, the use of certain “antipsychotics” can reduce the symptoms of OCD. This clinical finding suggests that OCD may be related to a disorder of the neurobiochemical system of the prostrate. Further results await future research. Behavioral therapy is effective for some patients with OCD. For example, the punishment elimination method is used, in which some kind of punitive behavior is given when pathological compulsive symptoms occur. For example, if a patient is asked to count money repeatedly, regardless of whether he wants to count money or not, he is asked to spend a long time counting money, and as a result, he gets tired of counting money and becomes disgusted with it and never wants to count it again. This punitive behavior is also carefully tried along with the potassium treatment. To avoid adverse consequences. Some OCD can be treated psychologically and characteristically. Assist the patient to loosen the strict demands on himself. Become comfortable with desires or fantasies that are unacceptable to them, become adaptable and accommodating, and not become overly attached to specific boundaries of black and white, right and wrong. Assist the patient to deal with internal aggressive desires or disturbing fantasies. Help the patient to achieve harmony in personality. Generally speaking, young people with OCD can try psychotherapy, and the results are better. The symptoms and diagnosis of depression – we all know that when a person is depressed, feeling sad and depressed, psychologically lost confidence and hope, become negative and discouraged, and even do not want to live, the idea of suicide, it becomes a “depression”. The state of depression. When a person is depressed, various physiological functions will also decline, such as loss of taste in food, loss of appetite, constipation due to gastrointestinal disorders, reduced sexual desire, irregular menstruation, etc. Strictly speaking, the depression referred to in psychiatry includes depression of different nature and severity, including severe “major depression” or mild “depression”. The former is mostly influenced by biological factors. The latter is mostly a reactive neurosis. Major depression relies mainly on medication, while mild, reactive, functional depression requires more psychological treatment and counseling, so it should be differentiated and treated differently. Understanding the condition – From a psychological perspective, depressive states are often the result of a psychological reaction to a “loss”. Loss is the loss of a close family member or friend, an important possession or object, an emotional attachment or hope, etc. When a person loses something important to him or her, it can cause a melancholy mood reaction. When one loses a loved one, the “usual” “mourning response” occurs and lasts for several months. However, some people mourn excessively and for a long time. If the person is unable to regain his or her original attitude to life for more than two or three months, it is called “pathological mourning reaction”. To consider receiving treatment. If a person has experienced the psychological trauma of “separation” when he or she was young, and was separated from his or her parents, and was not properly taken care of by a parental substitute, when he or she grows up and encounters a similar separation, a strong mourning reaction will easily occur due to psychological sensitivity. For example, after graduation from school, it can be said to be a normal parting with teachers or classmates, but people who are sensitive to parting will be very sad. It will be very sad and sad, as if parting with their parents forever as if melancholy. Usually when a person encounters a psychological setback, he or she will try to face the difficulties and adapt to the problem. However, sometimes the setbacks and attacks are so great that they are beyond the scope of what ordinary people can cope with, so they feel powerless and depressed. Sometimes the setbacks are not so big, but when the energy to cope with them is exhausted due to the long time of facing them, you will collapse just because of another small setback, which is also a cause of depression. If a person feels that there is no hope, he or she will give up the motivation to live and fall into a state of depression. For example, when a person loses his job, his family invests money, the debtor comes to collect the debt, plus the child is sick and has to undergo surgery, etc.. These cumulative setbacks can make ordinary people fall into a state of bitterness and depression. Old age, loneliness, disability or illness are also often the reason for depression. Everyone has his or her own self-esteem. To have some degree of satisfaction and love for themselves, rely on this self-satisfied psychology to live on. If a person’s self-esteem has suffered a blow, was severely criticized, was ridiculed, lost their confidence in themselves, is also the cause of depression. The lowering or loss of self-esteem is sometimes not from the criticism or ridicule of others, but from the strict criticism of their own. In particular, some people are very formal and serious in character, have excessive expectations and demands on themselves, and fall into a depressed state due to excessive self-criticism, which can be said to be related to their own character. There are many people who suffer from depression, since childhood, there are cautious and strict parents, there are excessive requirements for children. Do sarsaparilla’s disappointment because they can not achieve the ideal state they are required to, and everything to seek perfection of the character has a linkage relationship. Some people have a special nature in their personality and are not happy when they encounter something they are not satisfied with. Not easy to vent their anger to outsiders, only angry with themselves. When encountered by people bullying or encounter wrongdoing. Only blame themselves, angry with themselves. This situation also tends to produce a melancholy ending. In short, a person’s mood will be sad and driving rain or depression are no more than these psychological factors. The principle of treatment – when a person is in a miserable mood, there is nothing more needed than to be cared for by others, support and comfort. Someone can let you complain. To reveal your grievances, and give the body warm support, help the body to consider how to overcome difficulties, to find a ray of hope, which is very helpful to get rid of bitterness. When a person is in a state of depression, the situation is serious, not only will not want to talk, want to die, some people will also take suicidal action, so we should ask the patient special questions. Therefore, it is important to ask the patient and pay attention to prevent unfortunate events from happening. Suicidal thoughts are one of the symptoms of depression, but as long as the depression is removed, there will be no such negative thoughts, which are transient and should be prevented. If you are very depressed and do not improve even with your own efforts and the long-term assistance of others, you should consider consulting a psychiatrist to see if you need to use “antidepressants” to treat your depression. In recent years, there are various psychiatric drugs that can be quite effective in treating depression. When treating depressed patients, the main consideration is the degree of depression. If the patient’s depression is severe. If the patient is severely depressed and even has suicidal thoughts or attempts, hospitalization and medication should be considered. In the case of mild depression, supportive psychotherapy can be administered. Supportive psychotherapy can be implemented. The main focus should be to provide a basic sense of security, to compensate for the traumatic self-esteem and self-confidence, and to develop confidence and motivation to live so that one can have the energy to face difficulties. If the source of frustration is external, the patient can be helped to eliminate or reduce these external difficulties, and to make good use of external support resources, including family, friends or social support.