What are the clinical manifestations and risks of rectal prolapse?

  Patients have a history of slow onset. In the early stage, the lump only prolapses from the anus during defecation and can retract on its own after defecation. As the disease progresses, the lack of contraction of the anal levator muscle and anal sphincter requires manual help to return. In severe cases, the mass may also prolapse when coughing, sneezing, straining or walking, and it is not easy to return. If not reset in time, the prolapsed intestinal segment may become edematous, strangulated, or even at risk of necrosis. In addition, patients often have incomplete defecation and anal cramping, soreness and swelling, some may have lower abdominal distension, dull pain in the lower back, frequent urination and other phenomena. The pain is severe in case of impaction.  In 1975, our national anal conference unified the rectal prolapse into 3 degrees: 1, Ⅰ degree prolapse: when defecating or increasing abdominal pressure, the rectal mucosa moved down and prolapsed out of the anus, the length is about 3cm. After defecation, the prolapsed part can be reset by itself, without conscious symptoms.  2.Second degree prolapse: the whole rectum turns out and prolapses when defecating, with a length of 4 to 8 cm, and must be reset by hand.  3, Ⅲ degree prolapse: the anal canal, rectum and part of the sigmoid colon flip out when the stool, up to 8cm or more, it is difficult to reset with hand pressure; the prolapsed mucosa is partially erosion, hypertrophy, sphincter relaxation.  The danger of rectal prolapse: Long-term rectal prolapse will lead to anal incontinence due to pubic nerve damage, bleeding necrosis and other dangers. Adult men may have a decreased quality of sexual life. Older adults are more likely to see fecal incontinence.