Patients with anal fistula have their own personal experience and pain. Once a fistula is formed, there is very little chance of self-healing and the fistula complicates the situation, causing a lot of trouble and certain harm. The actual fact is that it is very important to have a good treatment and preventive measures for anal fistula. The following are the principles of treatment and prevention of anal fistula. The first thing you need to do is to find the original internal port and remove the infected anal sinus, anal glands and their ducts, which is the key to anal fistula treatment. (2) Treat the fistula and its branches and dead cavity: the ducts, branches and dead cavity of the fistula should be cleared to avoid recurrence after surgery. (3) Preserve the rectal ring of the anal canal: when operating for anal fistula, a clear diagnosis should be made to identify the internal opening and the direction of the fistula and preserve the rectal ring of the anal canal in order to maintain normal anal sphincter function. (1) Prevention and treatment of constipation and diarrhea are important for the prevention of perianal abscess and fistula formation. (2) Timely treatment of anal saphenous and anal papillitis to avoid the development of perianal abscess and anal fistula. (3) Actively treat systemic diseases that can cause perianal abscess, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, intestinal tuberculosis, etc. (4) If there is burning and discomfort in the anus and a feeling of falling, promptly consult and treat the patient. (5) Establishing normal life content (dietary balance), good defecation habits, taking a sitz bath after daily defecation and keeping the anus clean will have a positive effect on preventing infection.