With the progress of society and the improvement of people’s living standards, China has gradually entered an aging society. Some data show that the elderly population in China is growing at an average annual rate of 8 million, and caring for the elderly has become an unshirkable responsibility of our younger generation. It is understood that more than 70% of the elderly are suffering from various joint pain, and osteoarthritis is the most common arthritis, accounting for more than 40% of all arthritis. Squatting can not get up, climbing stairs or after a long period of activity when the knee pain aggravated, fingers and toes deformation, fingers stiff in the morning, to move for a while to be flexible, sometimes walking knees suddenly can not play bending, must rest for a while, do not know how to move a little to be able to walk again, joints also crunching old sound, back pain of the old problem again, these are our parents, grandparents often appear These are common problems for our parents and grandparents. So, what is osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis is a common chronic joint disease whose main lesions are degenerative changes of joint cartilage and secondary osteophytes, and what we call bone spurs, osteophytes, rotundity, cervical spondylosis, chondromalacia patellae, lumbar spondylosis, etc. all belong to the category of osteoarthritis. The pain of osteoarthritis is mostly found in weight-bearing joints such as knees and hips. The joint pain is related to activity and can be relieved after resting, and after the joint has been stationary for a long time and then active, there is a transient local stiffness that lasts no more than 30 minutes and disappears after activity. The incidence of osteoarthritis has increasingly shown a younger trend, and the diagnostic criteria for osteoarthritis have been advanced to 38 years of age. Trauma, foundry workers, miners and bus drivers who repeatedly strain their joints, and obesity are also high-risk factors for developing osteoarthritis. Although there is no cure for osteoarthritis, early diagnosis and active treatment can reduce pain, improve function, and even prevent disease progression. The principle of treatment should be non-pharmacological treatment combined with pharmacological treatment and, if necessary, surgical treatment. Non-pharmacological treatment, including patient education, exercise and life coaching, and physical therapy, has an important role in the treatment of osteoarthritis. In young age, nutrition is reasonable, and lifelong moderate and reasonable exercise is maintained, without over-exercising and preventing acute and chronic injuries; in elderly people, strenuous exercise should be avoided, and moderate exercise such as walking and tai chi should be the main focus; when the joint pain, stiffness and swelling should be reduced or even stopped. At the same time, attention should be paid to keeping warm and maintaining a proper weight, which are beneficial to the prevention and treatment of the disease. Elderly people with heavy joint lesions should walk with a cane to reduce the burden on the joints. Aerobic exercise: walking, swimming, cycling, etc. can help maintain joint function. Physical therapy includes acupuncture, massage, tui na, heat therapy, and hydrotherapy to stop pain, reduce swelling, and improve joint function. Many people have a lot of misconceptions about osteoarthritis, thinking that more physical exercise will “loosen the bones” and relieve the pain, but in fact, when osteoarthritis has an acute attack and pain occurs, it is best to rest, never climb hills and stairs, and never walk for a long time while carrying heavy objects. Even if you want to move around, you should sit on a stool and gently lift your feet and flex and extend your joints. In addition, some people think that since they can not move, they fall asleep and lie down every day, the beautiful name “rest”. However, prolonged bed rest can lead to muscle atrophy, and the joints become more unstable. Medications include anti-inflammatory and pain medications, injectables, topical medications, condition improvement medications, and chondroprotective agents. Acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and can relieve pain symptoms, but elderly patients should be aware of both cardiovascular and gastrointestinal risks. Long-acting glucocorticoid injections in the joint cavity can relieve pain and reduce exudation, and the efficacy lasts for weeks to months, but not more than 3 times a year in the same joint, with an interval of at least 1 month between 2 injections, otherwise cartilage damage may result. Hyaluronic acid (sodium glacial) is effective in reducing joint pain, increasing joint mobility, and protecting cartilage for several months. It is usually injected into the knee joint once a week for 4 to 6 weeks. Topical medications such as capsaicin can also reduce pain symptoms. Drugs that improve the condition and chondroprotective agents generally have a slow onset of action and require several weeks of treatment before they are effective. They have the effect of reducing matrix metalloproteinase and collagenase activity, stimulating chondrocyte synthesis of proteoglycan and synovial cell synthesis of hyaluronic acid, and restoring and enhancing microcirculation in periarticular tissues. It is both anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving, and protects joint cartilage, and has the effect of delaying the development of osteoarthritis. Commonly used drugs include glucosamine, diacerein, chondroitin sulfate, etc. If the symptoms of osteoarthritis are very severe, drug therapy is ineffective, and the patient’s daily life is affected, surgical intervention should be considered. For osteoarthritis of the knee, some people advocate arthroscopic arthroscopic debridement, which has some immediate efficacy in some patients, but long-term results are not certain. Arthroplasty is effective in relieving pain and restoring joint function in most patients with osteoarthritis, femoral head necrosis, and rheumatoid arthritis, but there are certain immediate and long-term complications of arthroplasty, such as loosening and wear of components and osteolysis, which cannot be completely resolved at present. Therefore, it is important to strictly control the surgical indications for joint replacement. Strictly speaking, the indications for surgery include: (1) radiological evidence of joint damage; (2) the presence of moderate to severe persistent pain or disability; and (3) patients who have failed to respond to various non-surgical treatments. The onset of osteoarthritis is an irreversible process like aging. It is important to incorporate health care into our daily routine so that all elderly people can have a happy and healthy old age.