Dilated cardiomyopathy (dilated heart disease) is usually an enlargement of the ventricles without enlarging the atria. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a cardiomyopathy characterized by enlargement of the left or right ventricle with systolic dysfunction. The etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy is unclear and may be related to genetic, infectious, toxic, inflammatory, endocrine and metabolic disorders. The main clinical manifestations include heart failure, arrhythmia, sudden death, etc. When combined with pulmonary embolism, chest pain and hemoptysis may occur. In terms of treatment, the main principle is to treat the cause of the disease, control heart failure and arrhythmia, prevent sudden death and pulmonary embolism, and improve the patient’s quality of life; and in the case of failure to maintain cardiac function with medication, heart transplantation is the only option. Therefore, when dilated heart disease is detected, it is necessary to go to the hospital for examination in time to clarify the cause of the disease and start treatment as early as possible in order to delay the onset of heart failure. At the same time, the patient should also adjust his mindset, face the condition bravely and be psychologically prepared for heart transplantation. If there is any symptom of physical discomfort, they should go to the hospital in time and consult the physician for guidance.