1. At home Have the patient lie flat, then unbutton the clothing and keep the patient quiet. Do not turn the patient’s head as much as possible. Since pillows can narrow the airway, they must be removed. If the patient has nausea or vomiting, help make him/her lie on his/her side with the paralyzed and weak side of the limb facing upward to prevent suffocation due to accidental aspiration of vomit. When a spasm (convulsion) occurs, it is important to loosen clothing and remove surrounding hazards in order not to injure the patient. Loud calls or shaking the patient’s body should be avoided because these behavioral stimuli may cause the patient to have a spasm. Try to keep the patient quiet and away from sound and light stimuli. Do not panic, call the emergency number “120” or “999” for an ambulance immediately and report briefly to the doctor or ambulance center about the symptoms, when and where they occurred and what was done about them. Even if the symptoms of stroke are mild at first, they may get progressively worse, and the treatment soon after the onset of the stroke can greatly affect the healing process. Although the doctor can distinguish a stroke from other diseases by the mode of onset, symptoms and signs, it is also necessary to distinguish it from other diseases with the help of auxiliary tests. The type of stroke and the location of the lesion inferred from the medical history, symptoms and signs can be determined by CT or MRI. However, CT may not be obvious even a few days after the onset of an infarction, so MRI can be useful. Since the cause of cerebral infarction may be diseases of blood vessels, heart, blood system, etc., cerebral infarction can be further classified and treated according to the cause, so it is necessary to do precise examination of blood vessels, heart and blood system. ECG, echocardiography, transcranial 3D Doppler ultrasound, carotid ultrasound and some blood tests are necessary. Most cerebral hemorrhages are hypertensive atherosclerotic, some are caused by arteriovenous malformations or aneurysms, and less commonly: more than 70% of the causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage are cerebral aneurysms, about 10% are arteriovenous malformations, and some are other diseases such as. Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage should undergo a whole brain angiogram (DSA) as soon as possible depending on their condition. Patients with stroke usually have other systemic diseases, and new complications (infections such as pneumonia, water-electrolyte abnormalities, hyperglycemia, gastrointestinal bleeding, etc.) can arise after stroke. In addition to neurological diagnostics (CT/MRI), it is also important to check the systemic status. For example, urinalysis, peripheral blood and blood biochemistry tests, chest X-ray, etc., as well as electroencephalography and cerebrospinal fluid examination may be required depending on the condition.