Long black patches on nails may be the manifestation of trauma-induced subnail hemorrhage, onychomatous nevus, limb freckle-like melanoma, etc. Symptomatic treatment is needed, which can be treated by continued observation, surgical excision treatment as well as radiochemotherapy.
1. Trauma: Bleeding of capillaries under the nails due to bumping, the blood coalesces into lumps and forms black spots. At that time, there may not be any blood seepage, so it is not a matter of concern, and the symptom of black spots on the nails will appear afterward. For this kind of black spots caused by this kind of situation, generally do not need special treatment, can be self-absorbed.
2. Onychomatous nevus: it is a kind of junctional nevus with brown or black-brown longitudinal strips under the nail plate, with regular and clear borders and uniform color. It is a kind of junctional nevus. When the symptoms are mild, it can be manifested as black spots on nails. Usually, small naevus does not need to be treated, but when it suddenly becomes big, nodular and bleeding, in order to prevent malignant changes, surgical excision should be used as early as possible.
3. Extremity freckle-like melanoma: it is a malignant tumor originated from melanocytes with high degree of malignancy, and it occurs in palmar-plantar, nail and perinail. If it is located in the nail matrix, the nail plate and nail bed can show longitudinal and transverse pigmented stripes. It can be treated by surgical excision, and for patients who have metastasized, chemotherapy or radiotherapy can be used to control the condition.
If you find black patches on your nails, you should seek medical attention in time and follow the doctor’s instructions for examination and treatment.