Pregnancy is a relatively special physiological period, but also a period of special concern for each family, often appear some symptoms, the following common symptoms and countermeasures are introduced.
1, indigestion.
Especially in early pregnancy, most pregnant women have nausea, anorexia, vomiting phenomenon, known as early pregnancy reaction. This phenomenon usually appears in the 40th day of pregnancy, and disappears after about 3 months of pregnancy. Some pregnant women have no reaction, while others need to be hospitalized if their reaction is very severe. Early pregnancy reaction is the most severe in the morning after waking up, which is caused by the placenta producing a large amount of chorionic gonadotropin. In addition, due to the enlargement of the pregnant uterus, the stomach moves up and the stomach contents reflux to the lower part of the esophagus, which can cause heartburn. For mild early pregnancy reactions, this reaction can be reduced or avoided by properly regulating the diet, eating small and varied meals, eating more easily digestible things, eating less sugar and fatty things, and taking appropriate walks after meals. If the vomiting symptoms are serious, it belongs to “severe pregnancy vomiting” and needs to be treated in hospital.
2. Constipation.
It is common during pregnancy, due to the weakening of intestinal peristalsis, reduced movement and changes in hormone levels and vegetative nervous function in the body, coupled with an enlarged uterus and fetal dew for intestinal pressure makes pregnant women prone to constipation. Laxatives are generally not recommended in early pregnancy to avoid miscarriage. You should regulate your diet, eat more vegetables, fruits and laxative foods, move around in moderation and develop the habit of defecating on time to reduce or eliminate constipation. If necessary, take laxatives orally. If the constipation is stubborn, you can go to the hospital and deal with it with the assistance of a doctor.
3. Hemorrhoids.
During pregnancy, especially late pregnancy, increased abdominal pressure and increased uterine pressure, so that the pelvic venous reflux is blocked, causing increased rectal venous pressure, prone to hemorrhoids or aggravate the existing hemorrhoids. The way to reduce hemorrhoids is to eat more vegetables and fruits and less spicy food. In heavy cases, hemorrhoid creams and herbal sitz baths are available.
4. Lower limb muscle spasm.
It is a manifestation of calcium deficiency in pregnant women, in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, the need for calcium increases, such as failure to timely replenishment, can occur due to calcium deficiency in the lower limb muscle spasms, mostly in the calf gastrocnemius muscle, often at night, most can quickly relieve. Therefore, it is necessary to eat more food with high calcium content, such as shrimp, bone broth, etc. Severe cases can be given calcium tablets, 2-3 tablets each time, 3 times a day orally; cod liver oil 1-2 pills, 3 times a day orally; vitamin B1 10 mg, 3 times a day orally.
5. Anemia.
In the middle and late pregnancy, pregnant women’s need for iron increases, which cannot be satisfied by diet alone, and anemia can occur. Therefore, iron supplements should be routinely taken, starting from the 4th-5th months of pregnancy, and the cause of anemia should be promptly identified. Commonly used are ferrous sulfate 0,3 g , once a day; vitamin C 100 mg and calcium tablets 2 tablets each time, taken orally 3 times a day. Additional vitamin C and calcium supplements can increase the absorption of iron.
6, insomnia.
Late in pregnancy, many pregnant women suffer from insomnia because of late pregnancy, abdominal expansion, restricted sleeping position and mental tension. The way to deal with it is to relax your mind, calm and do what you can to divert your attention. If insomnia is serious, you can ask your doctor for guidance.
7, varicose veins.
In late pregnancy, varicose veins appear on the lower limbs and perineum of most pregnant women and protrude visibly on the skin. In order to avoid and reduce this phenomenon, the lower limbs should be elevated during sleep to facilitate venous reflux, do not stand for a long time, and do not bind too tightly at the waist. If varicose veins have occurred, care should be taken to protect the skin in these areas to avoid damage and bleeding. Varicose veins can be aggravated by the increase in the number of pregnancies.
8, low back pain after the middle of pregnancy, about 50% of pregnant women have low back pain. The main reasons for this are twofold: (1) the abdomen increases, the body weight shifts forward, and the muscles of the waist and back are burdened when walking. The hormonal and metabolic changes in the body during pregnancy cause lumbar joint ligaments to relax, resulting in low back pain. The way to prevent and cure is to exercise with proper activities, make the muscles have good elasticity, do not sit on the sofa, wear loose and suitable flat heel shoes, etc. If the pain is more intense, local hot compresses with hot water bags, massage, etc. can relieve the symptoms. If the pain is severe and unbearable, go to the hospital in time. Under normal circumstances, in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, due to the obstruction of venous return, there is swelling of the lower limbs. Generally, the swelling is light and only appears during the day and disappears immediately after a night’s rest, which is mostly physiological swelling. As long as you do not stand for a long time, pay attention to elevate the lower limbs during rest and take the left side position during sleep, the symptoms can be reduced without special treatment and will disappear naturally after delivery. If the swelling is serious and does not disappear after resting at night, or if it is accompanied by proteinuria and high blood pressure, it is pathological and is a manifestation of hypertensive disease during pregnancy and combined kidney disease during pregnancy, so you should go to the hospital in time to ask for medical assistance.
10, butterfly spots and skin pigmentation during pregnancy, affected by hormonal changes, pregnant women’s face can appear symmetrical wing-shaped pigmentation, called butterfly spots. In addition, the nipples, areola and vulva also have pigmentation. There is no need to worry too much about these changes as they have no major impact on the body. After delivery, the pigmentation will disappear gradually, no special treatment is needed and there is no special treatment method. Pay attention to avoid direct sunlight, eat more food rich in protein, vitamin B and vitamin C, and ensure sufficient sleep, which can reduce this phenomenon. Do not just use anti-spotting drugs 11, leucorrhea increased amount of healthy women in normal circumstances, the vagina will secrete leucorrhea, but the amount is relatively small, transparent mucus, no special smell, and no uncomfortable feeling. After pregnancy, the amount of leucorrhea is significantly higher than usual, because the blood flow in the pubic area, vagina and cervix of pregnant women is strong and the tissue water increases, thus the secretion also increases. The larger the month of pregnancy, the more leucorrhea there is. Many pregnant women often feel that their vagina is often wet and uncomfortable. This is a normal phenomenon during pregnancy, as long as you flush your vulva with warm water and change your underwear regularly to keep it clean. If the amount of leucorrhea is very high or if you find that the leucorrhea is white with red, yellow or other miscellaneous colors and has a foul odor, it is necessary to find a doctor to see if the pregnancy is combined with vaginitis, cervicitis or a tumor. 25% of the leucorrhea of nearly full-term pregnant women can be cultured with Pseudomonas albicans, most of which are asymptomatic, and can be treated with local suppositories if the symptoms are severe.
12, hair loss Some pregnant women will find more hair loss than usual when they comb their hair during pregnancy. In addition, the growth of hair becomes retarded. The cause of this kind of hair loss is still unknown and may be due to nutrient deficiency or metabolic reasons. Generally, hair loss can heal itself by eating more nutrient-rich foods.
13, frequent urination early and late pregnancy, pregnant women are prone to frequent urination phenomenon. In the middle of pregnancy is not obvious. The reason for this is that the uterus presses and stimulates the bladder. Early pregnancy frequent urination does not require special treatment. Frequent urination in late pregnancy is a sign that the fetal head is descending into the pelvis, so you should go to the hospital to check whether labor is imminent.
14, transient dizziness and blurred vision During pregnancy, many pregnant women complain of transient dizziness and blurred vision, which mostly occurs when they suddenly stand up from squatting or lying down. This is due to the unstable changes in the vegetative nervous system during pregnancy, coupled with the obstruction of venous return and transient ischemia of the brain. If dizziness occurs, immediately sit down or lie down and rest for a few moments and then return to normal. The way to prevent dizziness and blurred vision is to move slowly when standing from a squatting or lying position, and to avoid long-term lying or squatting. If dizziness occurs very frequently, it may also be caused by anemia, low blood pressure, high blood pressure, malnutrition or heart disease, etc., and should be promptly seen by a hospital.